Unleashing the power of Typescript enums in conjunction with external modules through browserify

Previously, I utilized TypeScript internal modules and included numerous script tags to initialize my app. Now, I am in the process of transitioning the project to utilize external modules (using browserify), but I have hit a roadblock when it comes to converting enums.

Originally, my setup looked like this:

mymodule.submodule {
     enum MyEnum {
        one,
        two,
        three
     }
}

I would use the enums in other modules like so:

var val: mymodule.submodule.MyEnum = mymodule.submodule.MyEnum.one;

After moving the project to external modules, I shifted all interfaces into *.d.ts files and attempted to include the enums there as well. However, this approach led to an error due to the lack of mapping between enum and number in JavaScript. Subsequently, I moved the enums to *.ts files for better compilation. The dilemma arises when I define them as:

export enum MyEnum{
    one,
    two,
    three
}

export enum OtherEnum {
    four,
    five,
    six
}

This method works for importing the enums in my code like:

import Enums = require('./enums');
var val = Enums.MyEnum.one; //this works
var val1: mymodule.submodule.MyEnum = Enums.MyEnum.one; //ERROR: incompatible types

However, it clashes with the mymodule.submodule.MyEnum type. So, how can I declare the enum type for variable types in d.ts files while ensuring the generated enum code is correctly loaded and used in .ts file?

Note: These enums are utilized across multiple modules, making including them in the same file they are used not a viable solution.

UPDATE regarding interface declarations: It might not have been evident why I retained the original enum declarations in d.ts files, so here's an example.

In interfaces.d.ts, I currently have:

declare module mymodule.submodule {
    enum MyEnum{
       one,
       two,
       three
    }

    interface ISomething{
       aValue: MyEnum;
       aFunction: (anArg: MyEnum) => void;
    }
}

As far as I know, import statements cannot be used in .d.ts files. How then, can I use one enum declaration universally?

Answer №1

When dealing with enums in TypeScript, it is important to have them in a separate file as enums are ultimately compiled into JavaScript. Even when working with modules, enums must be imported for use, even if they are simply being used to define a variable type.

In order to properly utilize the enums, the code should be adjusted as follows:

import Enums = require('./enums');
var val1: Enums.MyEnum = Enums.MyEnum.one; // no error

Furthermore, if the enums are defined in the file enums.ts, they should not be placed within mymodule.submodule. These definitions should be removed from the declaration file.

Update Recommendation

To ensure that the enums work effectively with interfaces, consider relocating the interfaces from the declaration file (interfaces.d.ts) and exporting them from a TypeScript file (e.g., interfaces.ts):

import Enums = require('./enums');

export interface ISomething {
   aValue: Enums.MyEnum;
   aFunction: (anArg: Enums.MyEnum) => void;
}

Subsequently, the interfaces can be implemented as shown below:

import Interfaces = require('./interfaces');
import Enums = require('./enums');

var example: Interfaces.ISomething = {
    aValue: Enums.MyEnum.one,
    aFunction: (example: Enums.MyEnum) => { console.log('example'); }
};

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