Using Angular services without specifying a specific type

Currently, I have a component that needs to make an API request. In addition, there exists an abstract class designed for handling such services with the following constructor:

export class ODataService<T> extends ApiService {
  constructor(http: HttpClient, api: string) {
    super(http, null);
    this.servicePath = `odata/${api}`;
  }
}

This means the constructor is not empty. Instead of creating a separate service just for one method in one specific component, I am considering implementing a "create one-time use" service by using the abstract class solely for that component. Here's what I'm thinking:

@Component({
  selector: 'my-component',
  templateUrl: './my.component.html',
  changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush,
  providers: [{
    provide: 'myService',
    useFactory: (http) => new ODataService<IModel>(http, 'endpoint'),
    deps: [HttpClient]
  }]
})
export class MyComponent implements OnInit {
  @Input() entityId: string

  constructor(private myService: ODataService<IModel>) {
    super();
  }
}

The issue at hand is that it appears I cannot generate types dynamically and injecting the service in the component constructor leads to an error message:

This constructor was not compatible with Dependency Injection.

Hence, my question - is there a way to achieve this desired setup?

Answer №1

Are you in need of a solution that allows you to customize classes using generics to define types? Look no further.

One practical application involves a service responsible for fetching environment values defined on the server side.

// ngx-environment.service.ts


@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class NgxEnvironmentService<T> {

  environment: T;

  constructor(
    @Inject(ENVIRONMENT_CONFIG)
    private readonly environmentConfig: IEnvironmentConfig,

    @Inject(PLATFORM_ID)
    private readonly platformId: string,
  ) {
    this.environmentConfig = {
      ...DEFAULT_CONFIG,
      ...this.environmentConfig,
    }

    if (isPlatformBrowser(this.platformId)) {
      this.environment = this.getEnvironmentValues<T>();
    }
  }

  protected getEnvironmentValues = <T>(): T => {
    // additional code snippets here
  };

}

Different projects may feature distinct interfaces for their respective environment values, denoted by T in the above context.

To assign a specific type to T, you can extend the base class as follows:

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { NgxEnvironmentService } from 'src/modules/ngx-environment/src/public-api';

import { IEnvironment } from '../interfaces';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class EnvironmentService extends NgxEnvironmentService<IEnvironment> {}

EnvironmentService acts as the injected component. This approach streamlines the process of implementing shared functionalities while tailoring types effortlessly.

We hope this information proves beneficial to your endeavors.

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