Using TypeScript to specify a limited set of required fields

Can a custom type constraint be created to ensure that a type includes certain non-optional keys from an object, but not all keys? For instance:

class Bar {
  key1: number
  key2: Object
  key3: <another type>
}

const Y = {
  key1: 'foo'
  key2: 'bar'
  bar: // compilation error
}

In this scenario, Y contains only a subset of keys present in Bar, with compile-time checks preventing access to non-existent keys. Essentially, similar to Partial<Bar> but unlike it, attempting to reference Y.key3 would result in a compilation error because key3 is not defined on Y. Is this achievable?

Answer №1

If I have correctly understood your query: You are looking for a type that is a subset of another type, and all properties in the new type must be mandatory.

Would you consider the following solution?

class Bar {
  prop1?: number;
  prop2?: Object;
};

type Baz = Required<Pick<Bar, 'prop1' | 'prop2'>>;

const baz: Baz = {
  prop1: 3,
  prop2: {},
};


Explanation:

  • Select a subset of keys from a different type using
    Pick<T, 'prop1' | 'prop2' | ...>
  • Ensure all properties in a type are required with Required<T>

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