Utilizing JavaScript libraries in a TypeScript project: A step-by-step guide

Currently, I am working on an existing TypeScript AngularJS project and looking to incorporate d3js. However, due to restrictions with the corporate proxy, I am unable to use tools for downloading or managing dependencies. As a result, I have opted for manually importing the d3js in the index.html file and directly invoking d3 functions from TypeScript without utilizing the d3 TypeScript version.

This means that I will write code like:

var svg = d3.select("svg"),
    margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40},
    width = +svg.attr("width") - margin.left - margin.right,
    height = +svg.attr("height") - margin.top - margin.bottom,
    g = svg.append("g").attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");

var x = d3.scaleBand()
    .rangeRound([0, width])
    .paddingInner(0.05)
    .align(0.1);

However, I encounter compiler errors stating "Cannot find name d3". Is there a way in TypeScript to specify that this JavaScript object is defined externally and should not assume anything about it?

It's frustrating that d3 js is broken down into multiple files. The segmentation of features such as scale and select seems counterintuitive. Who would use d3 scale without select? It lacks coherence in my opinion.

Answer №1

A definition file is necessary for converting TypeScript source code to JavaScript, but it is not required to actually run the JavaScript.

The easiest way to utilize a definition file is by using @types:

npm install --save @types/d3

If that is not an option, you can manually download the definition file and place it next to your source code, then reference it like this:

/// <reference path="PATH_TO_D3_D_TS" />

If you are unable to do that either, you can declare the variable yourself:

declare const d3: any;

This informs the compiler that the variable d3 exists and is of type any, so you should not encounter any exceptions when using it.

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