Utilizing multiple arguments or object mapping in a Typescript function

Trying to create a function that can be invoked with multiple arguments or a single object acting as a container for those arguments.

Here's an example of what I've tried:

export type ExecutionArgs = {
    input: Observable<string>,
    whatever: SomeOtherType,
    foo?: string,
    bar?: number,
};

function execute(
    args: ExecutionArgs,
    ...rest: any[]
): Observable<string>;

function execute(
    input: Observable<string>,
    whatever: SomeOtherType,
    foo?: string,
    bar?: number,
): Observable<string>;

function execute(
    inputOrArgs,
    whatever,
    foo,
    bar,
) {
    // Extract arguments from object args if provided.
    if (arguments.length === 1) {
        return doThings(
            inputOrArgs.input,
            inputOrArgs.whatever,
            inputOrArgs.foo,
            inputOrArgs.bar,
        );
    }

    return doThings(
        inputOrArgs,
        whatever,
        foo,
        bar,
    );
}

When using my function, the types are correctly detected. For instance, errors are displayed for input and bar in the following lines:

execute('a', 'b', 'c', 'd');
execute({ input: 'a', whatever: 'b', foo: 'c' bar: 'd' });

However, within the function itself, TypeScript only identifies the type as any when hovering over variables or object properties.

What is the correct way to define my function?

Answer №1

The current issue you are facing involves a dual problem with TypeScript:

  1. When creating overloaded functions within a function, the types default to the most generic, which is any when not explicitly defined.
  2. The arguments object is currently untyped, meaning all arguments are considered as any.

To address these issues, you can use a union of tuples to define your overload like so:

type ExecuteArgs =
    | [Observable<string>, SomeOtherType, string?, number?]
    | [{
        input: Observable<string>,
        whatever: SomeOtherType,
        foo?: string,
        bar?: number,
    }]

function execute(
    ...args: ExecuteArgs
) {
    // Unpack arguments from the object if provided.
    if (args.length === 1) {
        const [{ input, whatever, foo, bar }] = args;
        return doThings(
            input,
            whatever,
            foo,
            bar,
        );
    }
    const [input, whatever, foo, bar] = args;

    return doThings(
        input,
        whatever,
        foo,
        bar,
    );
}

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