Utilizing Redux in my ASP.NET MVC application with the help of RequireJS and TypeScript (Issue: Encountering a script error for "redux" dependency)

I'm currently working on integrating the Redux state library with my ASP.NET MVC application using TypeScript and RequireJS.

For this simple application, I have set up a new ASP.NET MVC Project and stripped it down to only include the necessary node modules (Redux, RequireJS) along with a script file (Question.ts) which compiles to Question.js.

Question.ts

require.config({
    baseUrl: "/node_modules/",
    paths: {
        "redux": "redux/dist/redux.js"
    }
});

import { combineReducers, createStore } from "redux";
const ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER = 'ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER';

function addSelectedAnswer(selectedQuestionId: number) {
    return { type: ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER, selectedQuestionId }
}

function selectedAnswers(state = [], action) {
    switch (action.type) {
        case ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER:

            var nextState = state;

            nextState.push(state);

            return nextState;

        default:
            return state;
    }
}

var questionApp = combineReducers({
    SelectedAnswers: selectedAnswers
});

var store = createStore(questionApp);

// Log the initial state
console.log(store.getState());

// Log the state every time it changes
// The subscribe() method returns a function to unregister the listener
let unsubscribe = store.subscribe(() =>
    console.log(store.getState())
);

store.dispatch(addSelectedAnswer(100));

TypeScript compiles this to the following (Question.js):

define(["require", "exports", "redux"], function (require, exports, redux_1) {
    "use strict";
    Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
    require.config({
        baseUrl: "./",
        paths: {
            "redux": "/node_modules/redux/dist/redux.js"
        }
    });
    var ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER = 'ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER';
    function addSelectedAnswer(selectedQuestionId) {
        return { type: ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER, selectedQuestionId: selectedQuestionId };
    }
    function selectedAnswers(state, action) {
        if (state === void 0) { state = []; }
        switch (action.type) {
            case ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER:
                var nextState = state;
                nextState.push(state);
                return nextState;
            default:
                return state;
        }
    }
    var questionApp = redux_1.combineReducers({
        SelectedAnswers: selectedAnswers
    });
    var store = redux_1.createStore(questionApp);
    // Log the initial state
    console.log(store.getState());
    // Log the state every time it changes
    // The subscribe() method returns a function to unregister the listener
    var unsubscribe = store.subscribe(function () {
        return console.log(store.getState());
    });
    store.dispatch(addSelectedAnswer(100));
});
//# sourceMappingURL=Question.js.map

Upon navigating to the Home controller at http://localhost:50830/, the script should import Redux and perform a basic dispatch of a Redux method to modify the state.

However, I encountered the following error during execution:

require.js:168 Uncaught Error: Script error for "redux", needed by: Question

Despite trying various configurations for the import statement, RequireJS basePath, and paths configuration, I'm unable to get TypeScript to compile in a way that makes it locate the Redux module.

The view consists of:

Index.cshtml

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Home Page";
}

Please execute my Redux!

@section scripts
{
    <script data-main="/Scripts/Question.js" src="~/node_modules/requirejs/require.js"></script>
}

Here is the solution structure:

https://i.sstatic.net/a0IUF.jpg

How can I ensure that TypeScript compiles my Question.ts file to correctly load redux.js?

Access the solution file at:

Answer №1

Upon further examination, it appears I overlooked a crucial detail initially when assessing this situation. Allow me to clarify the issue at hand and provide a solution.

The main issue lies in the fact that the file Scripts/Question is a module that relies on redux. A module's dependencies must be resolved before it can be executed, but in this case, the module contains the RequireJS configuration required to resolve those dependencies in the first place.

The transpiled version of Scripts/Question.js is as follows:

define(["require", "exports", "redux"], function (require, exports, redux_1) {
    "use strict";
    require.config({
        baseUrl: "node_modules/"
    });
    var ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER = 'ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER';
    function addSelectedAnswer(selectedQuestionId) {
        return { type: ADD_SELECTED_ANSWER, selectedQuestionId: selectedQuestionId };
    }
    // etc.
});

This presents a significant issue as the require.config call will only be made after the Question.js module is loaded. However, for that to happen, RequireJS needs to resolve and load redux first.

To resolve this issue, we must configure the loader, RequireJS, before loading any modules that depend on that configuration.

Therefore, the require.config call should be moved to a new file, let's say Scripts/Main.js, with the following content:

require.config({
    baseUrl: "/",
    paths: {
        "redux": "node_modules/redux/dist/redux"
    }
});

require(["Scripts/Question"], () => {
    console.log("bootstrapped");
});

A few key points to note about this file are:

  1. It sets the baseUrl to "/", which encompasses both Scripts and node_modules. This is essential as we need to load code from both locations.

  2. It explicitly maps redux, as loaders like RequireJS and SystemJS are focused on the browser environment and do not assume server-side JavaScript conventions.

  3. After configuring the loader, it then invokes it with the primary entry module. There may be a more elegant method to achieve this, but it escapes me currently.

Finally, we simply need to adjust index.cshtml to load Scripts/Main.js instead of Scripts/Question.js:

<script data-main="/Scripts/Main.js" src="~/node_modules/requirejs/require.js"></script>

Additionally, the require.config call in Scripts/Question.js should be removed.

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