Utilizing TypeScript to enhance method proxying

I'm currently in the process of converting my JavaScript project to TypeScript, but I've hit a roadblock with an unresolved TypeScript error (TS2339).

Within my code base, I have a class defined like this:

export const devtoolsBackgroundScriptClient = new class 
{
    constructor()
    {
        return this.asProxy();
    }

    // some methods

    asProxy()
    {
        return new Proxy(this, {
            get: (e, t) => {
                return void 0 !== e[t] ? e[t] : e.callBackgroundScript.bind(e, t);
            }
        });
    }

    callBackgroundScript(method, ...params)
    {
        // some code
    }
}

I use this class by invoking it like so:

devtoolsBackgroundScriptClient.submitSurvey(surveyData);

The issue is that the submitSurvey method does not exist in the class, which is why it defaults to calling callBackgroundScript. This approach works fine in JavaScript, but TypeScript raises an error:

devtoolsBackgroundScriptClient.submitSurvey(surveyData);

Error Message: Property 'submitSurvey' does not exist on type 'devtoolsBackgroundScriptClient'

How can I go about resolving this TypeScript warning?

Answer №1

In the current state, TypeScript lacks the ability to accurately represent the impact of a Proxy on the type of its target. Therefore, when using the asProxy() method, the return type defaults to the this type without considering the presence of the proxy. This limitation has been acknowledged as an issue, documented at microsoft/TypeScript#20846. While classified as a bug, it can also be viewed as a missing feature that users have to find workarounds for.

Another area where TypeScript falls short is in modeling scenarios where a class constructor may return a different type than itself. Even if a more specific type is returned by asProxy(), the class constructor remains unaware of this discrepancy. The ongoing request for annotating a class constructor's return type is captured on microsoft/TypeScript#27594. Since these functionalities are not natively supported in the language, users need to devise alternative solutions to address them.

To overcome these limitations, one can define custom types and then either assert the value accordingly or resort to type-loosening mechanisms like using the 'any' type intentionally. An example approach:

...

Link to Playground with code snippet

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