Ways to retrieve root context within a Vue Composition API in Vue 3.0 + TypeScript

Looking to develop a TypeScript wrapper function that can trigger toast notifications using a composition function, following the guidelines outlined in Vue 3.0's Composition API RFC.

In this instance, we are utilizing BootstrapVue v2.0 for toast notifications. In Vue 2, these would be activated through this.$bvToast as part of the root context:

this.$bvToast.toast('Error occurred', {
  title: 'Oh no',
  variant: 'danger'
});

The reusable composition function would resemble something like this:

// File: @/util/notify.ts
export function useNotify() {
  const notifyError = (title: string, msg: string) => {
    // How do we access context.root within a function component without passing it explicitly?
    context.root.$bvToast.toast(msg, {
      title,
      variant: 'danger'
    });
  };

  return { notifyError};
}

export default useNotify;

To apply it, you could follow a pattern similar to this:

// Implement in your functional component:
import { createComponent } from '@vue/composition-api';

import { useNotify} from '@/util/notify';

export default createComponent({
  name: 'MyFailingComponent',
  setup() {
    const { notifyError } = useNotify();

    notifyError('Request error', 'An issue occurred with your request, please try again later.');

    return {};
  }
});

Answer №1

In addition, you can use:

import { getCurrentInstance } from 'vue'  // or import from '@vue/composition-api'

This code snippet retrieves the root context of the calling component.

const root = getCurrentInstance();  // equivalent to ctx.root in component

Answer №2

After discovering a suitable example on the RFC site, I decided to share my own examples here.

Currently, the RFC site does not provide examples in TypeScript for clarity purposes. This new approach to writing Vue 3.0 components and composition functions (replacing Mixins) may require some adjustment period.

Solution: Directly pass the context object to the composition function while destructuring the necessary parts into your component code.

// File: @/util/notify.ts
// import { SetupContext } from '@vue/composition-api';

export function useNotify({ root }) {
  const notifyError = (title: string, msg: string) => {
    root.$bvToast.toast(msg, {
      title,
      variant: 'danger'
    });
  };

  return { notifyError };
}

export default useNotify;
// Implementing in your functional component:
import { createComponent, SetupContext } from '@vue/composition-api';

import { useNotify} from '@/util/notify';

export default createComponent({
  name: 'MyFailingComponent',
  setup(props: any, context: SetupContext) {
    const { notifyError } = useNotify(context);

    notifyError('Request error', 'There was an error processing your request, please try again later.');

    return {};
  }
});

Utilizing TypeScript types with intricate object destructuring, especially when passing multiple function arguments as an object:

// File: @/util/notify.ts
import { SetupContext } from '@vue/composition-api';

export function useNotify({ context, defaultTitle = 'Hey!' }: { context: SetupContext, defaultTitle?: string }) {
  const notifyError = (msg: string, title?: string) => {
    context.root.$bvToast.toast(msg, {
      title: title || defaultTitle,
      variant: 'danger',
    });
  };

  return {
    notifyError,
  };
}

export default useNotify;

// Usage example:
const { notifyError } = useNotify({ context });
// Or
const { notifyError } = useNotify({ context, defaultTitle: 'Hey there' });

Impressive syntax - congratulations to the Vue community!

Answer №3

It may become necessary to pass the context to each composable because their dependencies might also need the context.

If passing the root instance to every composable seems cumbersome, there is an alternative solution available. This method simplifies the usage of components:

By creating a reusable useRoot composable and utilizing Vue's provide/inject functionality, you can streamline the process:

// File: @/components/Root.js
// Defining the application root
import useRoot from '@/composables/useRoot'

export default {
  setup(props, context) {
    const { provideRoot } = useRoot()
    provideRoot(context.root)
  }
}
// File: @/composables/useFancyStuff
// Your composable (requires no arguments!)
import useRoot from '@/composables/useRoot'

export default function useNavigation() {
  const { injectRoot } = useRoot()
  const { $router } = injectRoot() // for router access

  $router.push('/')
}
// File: @/composables/useRoot
// Implementation details
import { provide, inject } from '@vue/composition-api'

const ProviderSymbol = Symbol()

export default function useRoot() {
  const provideRoot = root => provide(ProviderSymbol, root)
  const injectRoot = () => inject(ProviderSymbol)

  return {
    provideRoot,
    injectRoot
  }
}

Answer №4

In my specific situation, I needed to access the setupContext in order to reach the same object as setup(props, { root }.

export default function useContentManagerPostActions() {
  const { emit, setupContext: { root } } = getCurrentInstance()

  ...

  const addPost = async () => {
    try {
      ...
    } catch (error) {
      ...
      root.$bvToast.toast('A new post could not be created.', {
        title: 'Error',
        variant: 'danger',
        solid: false
      })
    }
  }

Answer №5

UPDATE: This feature is specifically for use in NUXT !!!

When working on the client-side, you can access the context at window.$vm.$root.context

Please note that this method is ineffective for SSR!

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