What are the best scenarios for creating a constructor in Angular 2 using Typescript?

Check out these sample constructors I found in the Angular 2 documentation:

export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
    title = 'Tour of heroes';
    heroes: Hero[];
    selectedHero: Hero;

    constructor(private heroService: HeroService) { }

    getHeroes() {
        this.HeroService.getHeroes().then(heroes => this.heroes = heroes);
    }
}

as well as...

class Car {
    constructor(engine, tires, doors){
        this.engine = engine;
        this.tires = tires;
        this.doors = doors;
    }
}

I'm curious about the purpose and timing for using a constructor() in Angular 2 / Typescript (I have seen examples in the official docs related to Dependency Injection and Services).

Answer №1

When creating objects, constructors play a key role in specifying the parameters to be provided. In TypeScript, you have the option to include modifiers like private or public to simultaneously define class properties and assign their values using the provided parameters.

For instance:

class Car {
  constructor(private engine:string, private tires:string, private doors:number){
  }
}

is equivalent to:

class Car {
  constructor(engine:string, tires:string, doors:number){
    this.engine = engine;
    this.tires = tires;
    this.doors = doors;
  }
}

In Angular2, constructors are utilized for dependency injection. The associated decorator (@Component or Injectable) gathers metadata (such as types or hints within @Inject) to determine what needs to be provided for object instantiation.

It's important to note that constructors do not form part of the component lifecycle. Properties can be set by Angular2 at a later stage...

Answer №2

When it comes to controller constructors, they play a crucial role in handling dependency injection and initializing default values based on services in my applications. These constructors kick in before the controller's template is fully initialized, so variables may not be rendered accurately without additional methods like ngOnInit. It's essential to use these initialization methods to ensure that the template can access the necessary data.

Service constructors, on the other hand, are used in some cases to set up different aspects of the service using existing user data. They tend to function more like traditional classes in this regard.

If you're looking for further insights on this topic, consider checking out the following helpful resources:

  • Difference between Constructor and ngOnInit
  • Angular 2 Component Constructor Vs OnInit

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