What are the circumstances under which JavaScript GCP libraries return null values?

My current project involves working with GCP and Firebase using typescript. I have been utilizing the provided libraries, specifically version 8 of Firebase, and have encountered some unexpected behavior.

For instance (firebase, ver. 8.10.1)

import 'firebase/auth'
import firebase from 'firebase/app'

firebase.initializeApp({ apiKey: 'my-api-key', projectId: 'my-project-id' })
const auth = firebase.auth()

const { user } = await auth.signInWithEmailAndPassword('example@example.com', 'example-password')

signInWithEmailAndPassword method returns an object of type UserCredential with properties typed as Type | null

type UserCredential = {
  additionalUserInfo?: firebase.auth.AdditionalUserInfo | null;
  credential: firebase.auth.AuthCredential | null;
  operationType?: string | null;
  user: firebase.User | null;
};

I've noticed that there are instances where these methods return a null value. However, based on my testing, they generally either return valid values or reject the promise with an error. I haven't found any documentation explaining why null may be returned.

A similar scenario with other libraries (secret-manager, ver. 4.2.0)

import { SecretManagerServiceClient } from '@google-cloud/secret-manager'

const secretManager = new SecretManagerServiceClient()

const [secretVersion] = await secretManager.accessSecretVersion({
  name: 'projects/p/secrets/secret-name/versions/latest'
})

In this case as well, the return type includes:

interface IAccessSecretVersionResponse {
  name?: string | null;
  payload?: google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.ISecretPayload | null;
}

I'm curious about the origin of these null values. When could these libraries potentially return null instead of an error? Can anyone provide insights on this behavior or direct me to relevant documentation?

Answer №1

It appears that the reason for your inquiry is related to encountering TypeScript intellisense problems when trying to assign values returned by functions in a specific library. You may be seeing an error message similar to this in your IDE:

Type 'X | null' is not assignable to type 'X'. Type 'null' is not assignable to type 'X'.

The inclusion of Type | null in the return type for both UserCredential and IAccessSecretVersionResponse is because there is a chance that the API could return null if the request fails or if the data is unavailable.

Although you mentioned that these methods typically return valid values or reject the promise with an error, there are instances where they will return null:

  • Incorrect API usage: Using the API incorrectly, such as providing an invalid parameter, might result in a null return value.

  • Network errors: If the API call encounters a network issue, it could also return null.

  • Data not found: In cases where the requested data cannot be located, the API may return null.

  • Authorization errors: If the API call necessitates authorization and the provided credentials are incorrect, a null return value may occur.

When developers create methods for libraries, they outline what users can expect as return values, along with potential errors and null returns for scenarios outside of the norm or those specified above.

This particular concern seems to have been addressed or eliminated in the firebase V9 (modular SDK) version.

The official documentation for these methods can be found at signInWithEmailAndPassword, which returns a Promise of UserCredential, as well as for the SecretManagerServiceClient.

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