What could be causing the lack of updates in my shared service across all components?

I have implemented an Angular2 app where I am initializing an authentication service called LocalStorage which I want to be accessible across all my components:

bootstrap(AppComponent, [
    ROUTER_PROVIDERS,
    LocalStorage
]);

The definition of the LocalStorage service is as follows:

import {JwtHelper} from 'angular2-jwt/angular2-jwt';
import { Injectable } from 'angular2/core';

@Injectable()
export class LocalStorage {

    key:string = 'jwt';
    jwtHelper:JwtHelper = new JwtHelper();
    username:string;

    constructor() {

        let token = localStorage.getItem(this.key);

        if (token == null) return;

        if (this.jwtHelper.isTokenExpired(token)) {
            localStorage.removeItem(this.key);
        } else {
            this.username = this.jwtHelper.decodeToken(token).username;
        }
    }

    login(jwt:string) {
        localStorage.setItem(this.key, jwt);
    }

    logout() {
        localStorage.removeItem(this.key);
    }

    isLoggedIn():boolean {
        return this.username != null;
    }

    getUsername():string {
        return this.username;
    }

    getToken():string {
        return localStorage.getItem(this.key);
    }
}

However, I am encountering a problem where when I share and update this service across components, only the component that updates it recognizes the changes. The injection and modification of this service in components look like this:

    constructor(private router:Router, private localStorage:LocalStorage) {

        ...
    }

    logout(event) {
        event.preventDefault();
        this.localStorage.logout();
        this.router.navigateByUrl(RoutingPaths.home.path);
    }

I am puzzled why multiple instances of this service are being created across components. Can anyone shed some light on this? Thank you.

Edit An illustration of the component template binding can be seen below:

Component:

import {Component} from 'angular2/core';
import {Router, RouteConfig, ROUTER_DIRECTIVES} from 'angular2/router';
import {RoutingPaths} from './routing-paths';
import {LoggedInOutlet} from './logged-in-outlet';
import {LocalStorage} from './local-storage'

@Component({
    selector: 'my-app',
    templateUrl: 'app/app.template.html',
    directives: [LoggedInOutlet, ROUTER_DIRECTIVES]
})
export class AppComponent {

    registerName:string;

    constructor(private router:Router, private localStorage:LocalStorage) {
        this.registerName = RoutingPaths.register.name;
    }

    logout(event) {
        event.preventDefault();
        this.localStorage.logout();
        this.router.navigateByUrl(RoutingPaths.home.path);
    }
}

Template:

<a *ngIf="!localStorage.isLoggedIn()" [routerLink]="[registerName]">Register</a>

Final Edit

After making some necessary changes to actually update the username within the service, everything works smoothly now:

    login(jwt:string) {
        localStorage.setItem(this.key, jwt);
        this.username = this.jwtHelper.decodeToken(jwt).username;  // here
    }

    logout() {
        localStorage.removeItem(this.key);
        this.username = null; // here
    }

Apologies for any confusion caused by my oversight. Thank you once again.

Answer №1

The reason for this issue is likely due to LocalStorage being assigned as a provider in your code.

To resolve this, you should review your components to see if any of them contain the following:

@Component({
    providers: [LocalStorage]
}) 

By including LocalStorage as a provider in a component, you are instructing the Injector to create a new instance for that component and all its children, unless a child component already has LocalStorage provided itself.

Answer №2

An issue arises when attempting to share and update data across components in Angular 2, as only the component responsible for the updates can recognize the changes.

This limitation stems from Angular 2's component model resembling a Tree structure:

https://i.sstatic.net/kh378.png

As a result, only the component that initiates the changes, along with its subcomponents, will be re-rendered. For scenarios involving singletons containing state shared among multiple components, an external tool like redux may be necessary: https://medium.com/google-developer-experts/angular-2-introduction-to-redux-1cf18af27e6e#.yk11zfcwz

Answer №3

One thing I overlooked was updating the username within the service:

    signIn(jwt:string) {
        localStorage.setItem(this.key, jwt);
        this.username = this.jwtHelper.decodeToken(jwt).username;  // Update username here
    }

    signOut() {
        localStorage.removeItem(this.key);
        this.username = null; // Reset username here
    }

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