What is causing TypeScript to incorrectly infer rest parameters in function implementation?

I have created a function that takes a string name and a varying number of parameters which should be inferred from a specific interface. While calling this function results in correct inference, the type is not narrowed down within the function itself.

interface ThingParams {
  A: [isThing: boolean];
  B: [thingCount: number];
}

function PerformAction<T extends keyof ThingParams>( actionName: T, ...parameters: ThingParams[T] )
{
  if ( actionName === 'A' )
  {
    // Why is foo typed as boolean | number instead of being correctly inferred to just boolean???
    const foo = parameters[0]
  }
}

PerformAction( 'A', true ); // Correctly limits possible values
PerformAction( 'B', 5 ); // No issues

PerformAction( 'B', false ); // Receives errors, as expected

It appears that the type of foo should be narrowed based on the condition involving a specific T. I'm looking for a solution without expanding types excessively like

interface ActionA { name: 'A', value: [isThing: boolean] }
interface ActionB { name: 'B', ... }
type ActionParams = ActionA | ActionB;
...

when all I require is a straightforward mapping. Is there a better approach in defining PerformAction to accurately narrow down types within its implementation?

Answer №1

The current limitation is that narrowing the type of ...params based on the value of name is not feasible due to the generic nature of the type of name. More information on this issue can be found at #24085.

When dealing with generic types, Control flow analysis does not always behave as expected. The suggestion is to eliminate generics from the function and represent the relationship between name and ...params using a tuple union.

type ThingParamsUnion = { 
  [K in keyof ThingParams]: [name: K, ...params: ThingParams[K]] 
}[keyof ThingParams]

// type ThingParamsUnion = [name: "A", isThing: boolean] | [name: "B", thingCount: number]

ThingParamsUnion creates a discriminative union of tuples to define the potential combinations of parameter types based on ThingParams. This union can then be employed to type the parameters of DoThing utilizing a spread parameter approach.

In order for TypeScript to appropriately discern the union, some cumbersome destructuring is required.

function DoThing(...args: ThingParamsUnion) {
  const [name] = args

  if (name === 'A')
  {
    const [_, ...params] = args

    const foo = params[0]
    //    ^? foo: boolean
  }
}

The initial hope was to destructure name and params following this pattern:

function DoThing(...[name, ...params]: ThingParamsUnion) {
  if (name === 'A')
  {
    const foo = params[0]
    //    ^? foo: number | boolean
  }
}

However, it appears that the compiler fails to properly discriminate in this specific scenario.


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