What is the approach to implementing a reflexive generic class in TypeScript?

Currently, I am in the process of creating a generic base class for a Protractor page object. This particular class is designed to be exceptionally generic, featuring an init method that will return itself after either waiting or not waiting for angular, based on whether the object is Angular or not. My intention with the init method is to return the correct type - the class that extends the base class. However, I have encountered a compile error which states that I cannot return 'this' because it is not an instance of the generic parameter.

export abstract class AbstractLoadable<T extends AbstractLoadable<T>> {

    protected isAngularComponent: boolean;

    public constructor(isAngularComponent: boolean = true) {
        this.isAngularComponent = isAngularComponent;
    }

    public initComponent(): T {
        browser.waitForAngularEnabled(this.isAngularComponent);
        
        if(this.isAngularComponent) {
            browser.waitForAngular();
        }

        return this as T; // Error occurs here.
    }
}

The error message reads: Type 'this' cannot be converted to type 'T'. Type 'AbstractLoadable<T>' is not comparable to type 'T'.

This approach has proven successful in Java, but being relatively new to JavaScript and Typescript, I'm unsure if it can be achieved in Typescript. Any guidance would be greatly appreciated!

Answer №1

Compared to java, typescript offers the polymorphic this type which proves to be incredibly beneficial in the following scenario:

export abstract class AbstractLoadable {
    protected isAngularComponent: boolean;

    public constructor(isAngularComponent: boolean = true) {
        this.isAngularComponent = isAngularComponent;
    }

    public initComponent(): this {
        browser.waitForAngularEnabled(this.isAngularComponent);
        if (this.isAngularComponent) {
            browser.waitForAngular();
        }

        return this;
    }
}

This implementation eliminates the necessity for generics in this particular case.
The compiler is capable of determining the correct class and automatically inferring the return this, so suppose you have:

class MyClass extends AbstractLoadable { ... }

Then:

let instance = new MyClass().initComponent();

Will yield a value of type MyClass.

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