What is the best method for enhancing Express types?

One of my files is named types/express.d.ts

declare namespace Express {
  export interface Response {
    respondWith(data: any): Response;
  }
}

I also have this code snippet in app.js

Express.response.respondWith = function(data) {
  return this.json({
    errors: null,
    data: data
  });
};

Is there a correct way to merge these two files into one "augmentation"?

I attempted to follow the guidelines here, but it doesn't seem to be working as expected.

Check out this codesandbox link for an attempt at augmentation

Answer №1

As I delve into the world of TypeScript, I have encountered a few areas where improvements could be made in my understanding. Here is what I have learned so far:

When it comes to augmentation, it seems that utilizing express-serve-static-core is more effective than using just express. I struggled to get it to work without incorporating express-serve-static-core.

In terms of augmenting express, exporting it back from express-formater seems to be the way to go based on my exploration. According to TypeScript's documentation, express-formater acts as a module plugin. I tried following a similar pattern used in moment-range but couldn't find success.

Take a look at the relevant code snippet below:

express-formater.ts

import core from "express-serve-static-core";
import express from "express";

declare module "express-serve-static-core" {
  export interface Response {
    respondWith: (p1: any) => Response;
  }
}

express.response.respondWith = function(data: string) {
  return this.json({
    error: null,
    data: data
  });
};

export default express;

The primary index.ts file:

import express from "./express-formater";

const app = express();
const port = 8080;

app.get("/", (req, res) => res.respondWith({ ok: true }) );

app.listen(port, () =>
  console.log(`Typescript app listening on port ${port}!`)
);

To view the updated version, visit the codesandbox. Make sure your tsconfig.json has "esModuleInterop": true set.

UPDATE

I confirmed that exporting express back from express-formater is not necessary. A revised approach for future reference:

express-formater.ts

import core from "express-serve-static-core";
import express from "express";

declare module "express-serve-static-core" {
  export interface Response {
    respondWith: (p1: any) => Response;
  }
}

express.response.respondWith = function(data: string) {
  return this.json({
    error: null,
    data: data
  });
};

The main index.ts file:

import express from "express"
import "./express-formater";

const app = express();
const port = 8080;

app.get("/", (req, res) => res.respondWith({ ok: true }) );

app.listen(port, () =>
  console.log(`Typescript app listening on port ${port}!`)
);

Check out the updated version on codesandbox.

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