What is the best method for exporting types from a Vue3 component to the global scope?

I have two globally registered components ParentComponent and ChildComponent. The benefit of global registration is that these components are accessible throughout the entire app without needing to be imported into other components. However, when it comes to types, accessing them from a component still requires importing them (see example in ParentComponent code below). Is there a way to export a type from a component to the "global" scope so that it can be used anywhere in the app?

main.ts

import { createApp} from 'vue'

import App from './App.vue'
import ParentComponent from './ParentComponent.vue'
import ChildComponent from './ChildComponent.vue'

const app = createApp(App)

app.component('parent-component', ParentComponent)
app.component('child-component', ChildComponent)

app.mount('#app')

ChildComponent (excerpt)

export type ChildComponentEvent = {
  message: string
}

export default defineComponent({
  methods: {
    emitEvent () {
      const event: ChildComponentEvent = {
        message: 'Hello from child'
      }
      this.$emit('child-event', event)
    }
  }
})

ParentComponent (excerpt)

import { ChildComponentEvent } from './ChildComponent'

export default defineComponent({
  methods: {
    childEventHandler (event: ChildComponentEvent) {
      console.log(event)
    }
  }
})

Answer №1

To clarify, it's important to distinguish between two separate concepts:

When registering components in Vue, you are adding them to your app instance for runtime use without the need to constantly load them. Using TypeScript is not mandatory for Vue apps.

TypeScript's type work occurs during design and compilation but does not affect runtime performance when compiled to JavaScript. The rules for declaring types and importing/exporting apply universally regardless of whether you're working with Vue or any other application.

If you wish to declare global types and interfaces in TypeScript from a module (such as the file units where you define your Vue components), you can utilize the declare global syntax:

declare global {
  interface SomeGlobalInterface {
    ...
  }
}

By configuring these types in your tsconfig.json file within your TypeScript project, they will be accessible globally.

While global type declarations can be useful, it's generally recommended to avoid them to prevent conflicts and missing types, especially in scenarios like unit testing where different tsconfig environments may be used.

It's often beneficial for each section of code to declare and export its own types, even if it results in more verbose code. Group related types in a single module and only import those specific types when needed.

Consider using TypeScript's import type syntax (refer to modules docs) when only requiring typing information and not actual values. This approach can help avoid loading unnecessary modules at runtime and prevent circular references among modules.

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