What is the best way to postpone resolving a dependency within the injector?

I want to dynamically configure the injector when ngOnInit is triggered.

Here's my approach:

<my-component [config]="someConfig"></my-component>
// my.component.ts

import { CONFIG_TOKEN } from 'injector_tokens';

@Component({
  selector: 'my-component',
  template: '<p>need to delay dependency injector resolution... but how?! it's not in the docs...</p>',
  styleUrls: [],
  providers: [
    SomeService
  ]
})
export class MyComponent implements OnInit {
  @Input() config: Config;
  ngOnInit(): void {
    // I need to modify the providers array of the injector at runtime: 
    // { provide: CONFIG_TOKEN, useValue: this.config }
    // Any ideas on how to achieve this?
  }

}
// some_service.ts

import { CONFIG_TOKEN } from 'injector_tokens';

export class SomeService {
  constructor(@Inject(CONFIG_TOKEN) config: Config) {
    // The config object should be the one passed in through the HTML attribute
  }
}

Looking for advice on how to accomplish this task.

Answer №1

While it may be considered an anti-pattern by some, I can see the practical application of it. Essentially, you have a configuration that is passed to the component through the template, but this configuration is also utilized by the service instance that drives the component's core functionality.

It's a reasonable approach.

One suggestion would be to sacrifice the convenience of constructing your service at initialization (which is typically a nice feature) in exchange for implementing an Init(config: Config) method. This method can then be called within the ngOnInit lifecycle hook of your component. By doing this, you maintain the use of Dependency Injection for supplying parameters in the service constructor, simplify the providers declaration in your component, and eliminate direct injector usage.

For added versatility, you could even invoke the SomeService.Init method within the setter of the component's input property:

@Component({
  selector: 'my-component',
  template: '<p>whatever...</p>',
  styleUrls: [],
  providers: [ SomeService ]
})
export class MyComponent {

  private _config: Config = null;
  @Input() get config(): Config {
    return _config;
  }
  set config(v: Config) {
    _config = v;
    this.someService.Init(v);
  }

  constructor(Self() private someService: SomeService) {
  }
}

Answer №2

Right from the beginning, I notice a problem.

<my-component config="someConfig"></my-component>

This code would bind the string "someConfig"

It should actually be:

 <my-component [config]="someConfig"></my-component>

With this change, the variable someConfig would be bound from the holding component.

Regarding the injection aspect, it seems unnecessary if someConfig is already available and can be passed directly to my-component.

Edit: When it comes to providing the service, you have 3 levels to consider: Root, Module, and Component.

The approach for modules and components remains the same.

@Component({
    selector : 'my-component',
    ...
    providers: [ MyService ]
})
export class MyComponent { ... }

You may also consider using a factory or creating an injection token to handle additional values. For more information on this, refer to: https://angular.io/guide/dependency-injection-providers

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