What is the best way to retrieve the `any` type when utilizing the `keyof` keyword?

I am struggling to articulate this question properly, so please refer to the code below

interface TestParams<T> {
  order?: keyof T
  attr1?: number
  attr2?: string
}

async function Test<T = any>(_obj: TestParams<T>): Promise<T> {
  return {} as T
}
Test({ order: 'id2' })

// function Test<{
//     id2: any;
// }>(_obj: TestParams<{
//     id2: any;
// }>): Promise<{
//     id2: any;
// }>

Why is the T type { id2: any; } instead of just any

Here is the type I actually need

function Test<any>(_obj: TestParams<any>): Promise<PostgrestResponse<any>>

typescript playground

Update

new playground

Update

I added U which represents keyof T, and then implemented my required changes

interface TestParams<T> {
  order?: T
  attr1?: number
  attr2?: string
}

async function test<T = any, U = keyof T>(_obj: TestParams<T extends undefined ? string : U>): Promise<T> {
  return {} as T
}

test({ order: 'id2' })
// The resulting type is what I needed
// function test<any>(_obj: TestParams<"id2">): Promise<any>

interface TestType {
  id2: number
  id3: number
}
test<TestType>({ order: 'id2' })

playground

Answer №1

The absence of a generic constraint on U is causing TypeScript to struggle in determining the specific string used in TestParams:

async function test<T = any, U extends keyof T = keyof T>(_obj: TestParams<U>): Promise<T> {
// +                           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  return {} as T
}

Interactive Example

Answer №2

When { order: 'id2' } represents a TestParams<T>, it implies that since order corresponds to keyof T, your T must be an interface containing an id2 property. The type of the property is not restricted, hence it can be set as any.

This means that T serves as an interface with an id2 property accepting any value. Essentially, this leads to T being defined as { id2: any; }.

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