What is the most effective way to manage property assigned as `SomeType[] | unknown`?

When making an API call, I receive data with a property set to SomeType[] | unknown. This means my data structure looks something like this:

interface SomeType {
  name: string
  enabled: boolean
}

interface MyData {
  id: string
  name: string
  someArrayProperties: SomeType[] | unknown
}

I have numerous array methods iterating over someArrayProperties, resulting in multiple instances of code like this:

const enabledProperty = myData.someArrayProperties.find((property: SomeType) => property.enabled)

Despite thinking it should be straightforward to resolve, I am frequently encountering errors related to the unknown type assigned to someArrayProperties:

Argument of type '(property: SomeType) => boolean' is not assignable to parameter of type '(value: unknown, index: number, obj: unknown[]) => unknown'. Translation: Expected (value: unknown, index: number, obj: unknown[]) => unknown, but received (property: SomeType) => boolean.

To tackle this issue, one solution is always to cast (property as SomeType).enabled:

const enabledProperty = myData.someArrayProperties.find((property) => (property as SomeType).enabled)

Alternatively, you can cast

myData.someArrayProperties as SomeType[]
before using find:

const enabledProperty = (myData.someArrayProperties as SomeType[]).find((property) => property.enabled)

However, these solutions may feel like temporary workarounds rather than addressing the root problem, and they may need to be applied repeatedly. Is there a better way to handle this? Any insights would be appreciated. Thanks!

Answer №1

To ensure the correct type, I recommend implementing a type guard.

function isSpecificArrayType(obj: MyData): obj is MyData & { specificArrayProperties: SpecificType[] } {
  return Array.isArray(obj.specificArrayProperties) 
    && obj.specificArrayProperties.every(
      (e) => typeof e.name === "string" && typeof e.enabled === "boolean"
    )
}

This type guard validates if the object truly contains an array of type SpecificType within the field specificArrayProperties.

async function main(){
  const data = await fetch("abc.com").then((data) => data.json()) as MyData

  if (isSpecificArrayType(data)){
    const enabledProperty = data.specificArrayProperties.find((property) => property.enabled)
  }
}

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