What is the most effective way to perform unit testing on the "present" function of an Ionic alert controller?

I decided to write a unit test for the alert present function that gets triggered after creating an alert. This is what my code looks like.

it('should call attempt To call alert present', async () => {
    const alert = {
      header: 'Permission Required',
      cssClass: 'alertStyle',
      message:
        'Camera permission is required to scan QR codes. You can allow this permission in Settings.',
      buttons: ['Dismiss'],
    } as HTMLIonAlertElement;
    const alertControllerStub = jasmine.createSpyObj('AlertController', ['create']);
    await component.displayBarcodeError();
    expect(alertControllerStub.create).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
    expect(alertControllerStub.create).toHaveBeenCalledWith(alert);

  });

This test is specifically targeting the following function:

async displayBarcodeError() {
    const alert = await this.alertController.create({
      header: 'Permission Required',
      cssClass: 'alertStyle',
      message: this.translations.msg_camera,
      buttons: ['Dismiss'],
    });
    await alert.present();
  }

Aside from testing the above function, I wanted to ensure the correct execution of await alert.present();. Can you assist me by identifying why the code fails to work or provide a successful test?

Upon running the test, I encountered the error message below:

Expected spy AlertController.create to have been called once. It was called 0 times.
Error: Expected spy AlertController.create to have been called once. It was called 0 times.
    at <Jasmine>
    at UserContext.<anonymous> (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/webpack:/src/app/pages/home/home.page.spec.ts:278:40)
    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
    at asyncGeneratorStep (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/webpack:/node_modules/@babel/runtime/helpers/esm/asyncToGenerator.js:3:1)

I have diligently followed the code structure mentioned above and seek guidance on how to turn it into a functional test.

Answer №1

In order to properly test the alertController, it is necessary to set up a mock version beforehand.

Here is a suggested approach (follow comments with !!):

// !! Initialize the spy object here
let alertControllerStub: jasmine.SpyObj<AlertController>;

beforeEach(() => {
  // !! Create and assign the spy object in the first beforeEach function
  alertControllerStub = jasmine.createSpyObj<AlertController>('AlertController', ['create']);

  TestBed.configureTestingModule({
    ...
    // !! Provide the fake/stub for the real AlertController
    providers: [{ provide: AlertController, useValue: alertControllerStub }],
    ...
  });
});

it('should trigger the alert present function successfully', async () => {
    const alertToDisplay = {
      header: 'Permission Required',
      cssClass: 'alertStyle',
      message:
        'Camera permission is required to scan QR codes. You can allow this permission in Settings.',
      buttons: ['Dismiss'],
    } as HTMLIonAlertElement;
       
    // !! Ensure that the create method of alertController returns a resolved promise
    // !! An object with a present method needs to be returned since it will be called
    alertControllerStub.create.and.resolveTo({ present: Promise.resolve(null) });

    await component.displayBarcodeError();
    expect(alertControllerStub.create).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
    // !! There might be issues comparing alerts directly due to object differences
    expect(alertControllerStub.create).toHaveBeenCalledWith(alertToDisplay);
    // It's recommended to compare specific properties like so:
    const [passedInAlert, ] = alertControllerStub.create.calls.mostRecent().args;
    expect(passedInAlert.header).toBe('alertStyle');
  });

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