What is the reason behind having to coerce the enum value before the object type can be properly recognized?

My object is discriminated based on the type property, which can be any value from a specified enum. I encounter an issue in TypeScript when passing a valid object to a function; it complains about mismatched types. However, coercing the enum value resolves the issue.

enum AorB {
  A = 'a',
  B = 'b',
};

type Bar_A = {
  type: AorB.A;
};

type Bar_B = {
  type: AorB.B;
}

type Bar = Bar_A | Bar_B;

function foo(a: Bar): void {}

const arg = {
  type: AorB.A,
};

// this would work but is extra writing
// const arg = {
//   type: AorB.A as AorB.A
// };

foo(arg); // Error
foo({
  type: AorB.A,
})

For a similar scenario, you can check out the corresponding playground link

Answer №1

In Typescript, literal types will be widened unless there is a specific reason to retain them. This means that arg will have a type of {type: AorB } instead of { type: AorB.A, }.

If you want to preserve the literal type, you can use a type assertion like AorB.A as AorB.A, or assign the object literal directly to a location that expects Bar (such as a function parameter).

An alternative approach is to explicitly type arg:

const arg: Bar = {
  type: AorB.A,
};

foo(arg);
foo({
  type: AorB.A,
})

You can also use as const in Typescript version 3.4 to maintain literal types without needing to redefine the type, though this will make the entire object readonly.

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