What is the reason for receiving an error with one loop style while the other does not encounter any issues?

Introduction: Utilizing TypeScript and node-pg (Postgres for Node), I am populating an array of promises and then executing them all using Promise.all().

While pushing queries into an array during iteration over a set of numbers, an error occurs when the loop is structured like this:

const gameIds = [1,2,3,4,5];
let queryArray = [];
const sql = 'select bettor, fader from wagers where game_id=$1';
gameIds.forEach((gameId: number)=> {
   // populate the query array
   queryArray.push(DatabaseOperations.dbConnection.query(sql, [gameId]));
});
let allWagersForGames = await Promise.all(queryArray);

The error arises when trying to assign the results of the promise array to allWagersForGames, presenting the message:

Variable 'queryArray' implicitly has an 'any[]' type.ts(7005)
.

However, iterating over the number array in the following way eliminates errors without clear reasoning why a change in iteration style influences the occurrence of the previous error:

const gameIds = [1,2,3,4,5];
const sql = 'select bettor, fader from wagers where game_id=$1';

for (const gameId of gameIds) {
    // populate the query array
    queryArray.push(DatabaseOperations.dbConnection.query(sql, [gameId]));
}

// retrieve all of the data now
let allWagersForGames = (await Promise.all(queryArray));

Answer №1

The issue arises from the following line:

let collection = [];

When TypeScript encounters this line, it infers the type of collection as any[] because there are no typed elements in the array for TypeScript to determine the overall type. By default, TypeScript does not permit implicit any types, resulting in a compilation error.

To resolve this error, you can explicitly specify the type of elements that will be stored in the array. For instance, if you plan to store numbers in collection, you can define it as follows:

let collection: number[] = [];

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