What is the reason that TypeScript libraries opt for d.ts over .ts in the types field?

Is there a need for libraries to generate d.ts files when they are already written in .ts?

Typically, typescript libraries compile like this:

my-package/
 - package.json
 - lib/
     - index.ts
     - hello.ts
 - dist/
     - index.js
     - index.d.ts
     - hello.js
     - hello.d.ts
// package.json
{
  ...
  "main": "dist/index.js",
  "types": "dist/"
}

What if we just use the ts file in the types field instead?

my-package/
 - package.json
 - lib/
     - index.ts
     - hello.ts
 - dist/
     - index.js
     - hello.js
// package.json
{
  ...
  "main": "dist/index.js",
  "types": "lib/index.ts"
}

Can the type of a ts file differ from a d.ts file? I'm interested in using a faster compiler like esbuild or swc for my library, but generating declarations is proving to be a bottleneck.

Answer №1

When it comes to declarations in typescript, there can be differences from the source code. TypeScript has the ability to write out inferred types and expand certain type aliases in declarations. Ideally, the behavior of the types should remain consistent, although there may be exceptions.

There are advantages for library creators who provide d.ts files:

  1. Improved compiler performance as TypeScript doesn't need to check the library code
  2. Users with skipLibCheck can also skip type checking on declarations, leading to faster build times.

For those interested in enhancing declaration emit, there is a feature in development known as isolatedDeclarations. This feature will allow you to use any tool to emit declarations as long as your module exports do not rely on inference.

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