What is the significance of incorporating 'Actions' as data within the Redux framework?

According to Redux documentation, creating actions and action creators is necessary. Here's an example:

function addTodo(filter) {
  return { 
    type: SET_VISIBILITY_FILTER, 
    filter
  }
}

Next step is to write reducers, like this:

function todoApp(state = initialState, action) {
  switch (action.type) {
   case SET_VISIBILITY_FILTER:
     return Object.assign({}, state, {
       visibilityFilter: action.filter
     });
  } 
}

The action can be invoked using dispatch:

store.dispatch(addTodo("Ask question on stackoverflow"));

Each action corresponds to a specific reducer; the purpose of the action is to select a reducer and provide input data for it.

What if we directly link actions with reducers and action creators with functions that produce reducers? Then dispatch would only take a single argument, a reducer/action of type State => State:

// Action/reducer. (Parametrised state transformer)
const addTodo = text => state => {
  return Object.assign({}, state, {
       visibilityFilter: action.filter
  });
}

// Dispatch takes the action/reducer argument
store.dispatch(addTodo("Ask question on stackoverflow"));

Serialization of actions may not be possible in this scenario, but it eliminates boilerplate action creators and clarifies the connection between actions and reducers. In Typescript, you also gain data type checking in actions, which is challenging to achieve otherwise, as discussed here.

Are there any other reasons for keeping actions as data that I might be overlooking?

Answer №1

The primary aim of employing action in Redux is to minimize the state. The Reduce method will be utilized on an array of actions (which is why it's referred to as a reducer). For instance:

import reducer from './reducer';

const actions = [
    {type: 'INIT'},
    {type: 'SOME_ACTION', params: {...}},
    {type: 'RECEIVE_DATA', data: [...]},
    {type: 'SOME_ANOTHER_ACTION', params: {...}},
    {type: 'RECEIVE_DATA', data: [...]},
    ...
];

const finalState = actions.reduce(reducer, undefined);

Action creators are functions that can generate actions. An action creator doesn't necessarily have to create just one action.

If your reducer has the ability to accept functions instead of objects, then your actions will become functions and serve the main purpose, although you may miss out on some of the benefits of Redux functional capabilities.

In this scenario, the reducer would be structured as follows:

function reducer(state, action) {
    return action(state);
}

Reasons for creating actions in the format of {type: 'ACTION_NAME'}:

  1. Redux DevTools require this format.
  2. You need to maintain the sequence of actions.
  3. Reducer performs state transformations in a separate worker.
  4. The standard practice within the Redux ecosystem is to use this format as a convention.
  5. Allows for hot reloading without reloading stored functions.
  6. Necessity to transmit actions in their original form to the server.
  7. Enhanced debugging capabilities - enabling the visualization of action stacks with their respective names.
  8. Facilitates the writing of unit tests for reducers:
    assert.equal(finalState, expectedState)
    .
  9. Promotes declarative code - defining what needs to be done rather than how to do it (even though examples like addTodo('Ask question') are also declarative).

Note regarding the link between action creators and state alterations

Lets compare two different approaches:

First:

function someActionCreator() {
    return {
        type: "ADD_TODO",
        text: "Ask question on stackoverflow"
    }; // returns object
}

Second:

function someActionCreator() {
    return addTodo("Ask question on stackoverflow"); // returns function
}

"In both cases we see that code is declarative and action creator is decoupled from state change. You can still reuse addTodo or dispatch two addTodo's or use middleware or dispatch

compose(addTodo('One'), addTodo('Two'))
. The main difference is that we created Object and Function and place them in code where state changes occur.

Answer №2

It's important to note that there is not a strict one-to-one relationship between actions and reducers, as emphasized by Dan Abramov in his remarks on this GitHub issue:

A common misconception about Redux is the belief that action creators and reducers must always have a one-to-one mapping.

While this may hold true for simple examples, it becomes limiting in more complex real-world applications. Beginners often fall into the trap of tightly coupling reducers with action creators, missing out on the full potential of many-to-many relationships and decoupling.

In reality, multiple reducers can respond to a single action, and vice versa. Mixing them together hinders scalability and leads to bloated code and unnecessary dependencies. It restricts the ability to respond to the same action from different parts of the application, turning action creators into mere "setters" tied to specific state structures and inadvertently linking components to them.

Regarding actions and the "type" parameter, it's worth noting that Redux was intentionally designed this way to provide the advantages of serialization for debugging purposes, as mentioned in other responses.

Answer №3

Great inquiry!

Distinguishing actions from state changes is a key aspect of the Flux pattern, although commonly associated with Redux. This practice emphasizes loose coupling.

In smaller applications, tight connection between actions and state alterations may suffice. However, in more complex apps, this can become cumbersome. For example, an action like addTodo could trigger changes across multiple areas of the state. By separating actions from state changes - assigning the latter to reducers - you are able to create concise functions that are easier to comprehend and test.

Moreover, breaking the link between actions and state changes promotes reusability within your reducer logic. For instance, Action X could prompt changes A and B, while Action Y only triggers change A.

This decoupling also introduces a feature in Redux known as middleware. Middleware listens for action dispatches without directly altering the app's state. It can access current and next state information, along with details about the action itself. Middleware proves beneficial for functionalities beyond core application logic, such as logging and tracking (as mentioned earlier).

[UPDATE] So why use objects for actions?

If it were just a series of function calls, the decoupling would be less explicit and perhaps even overlooked. With most actions resulting in a single state change, developers may grow weary of one function calling another and abandon the separation altogether.

Another point to consider is the Flux data flow model. One-way data flow holds strong importance in the Flux/React paradigm. In a typical Redux/React setup, the flow goes like this:

Store state -> Higher order React components -> Lower order React components -> DOM
. The action disrupts this model by transmitting data from the view to the store in reverse. Therefore, making the action stand out as a dispatched object makes logical sense. Instead of a simple function call, it serves as a pronounced declaration from your app saying Hey! Something significant occurred here!

Similar questions

If you have not found the answer to your question or you are interested in this topic, then look at other similar questions below or use the search

Comparing dates in Angular 6 can be done by using a simple

Just starting with angular 6, I have a task of comparing two date inputs and finding the greatest one. input 1 : 2018-12-29T00:00:00 input 2 : Mon Dec 31 2018 00:00:00 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time) The input 1 is retrieved from MSSQL database and the in ...

"Transforming a static navbar to a fixed position causes the page to jump

Having some difficulty figuring this out. I'm working on a bootstrap navbar that transitions from static to fixed when the user scrolls past the logo at the top. Everything seems to be working fine, except for when the navbar reaches the top, it sudde ...

Tips for preventing a Wistia video from playing in a tab when moving away from the tab

Hey everyone, I'm facing an issue with a jsp page that contains multiple tabs. One of the tabs has a wistia video embedded in it. In Firefox and Chrome, when I switch away from the video tab, the video stops playing as expected. However, in Internet ...

Slice an interactive div

I am currently working on setting up a horizontal sliding div for a menu. The layout consists of a left DIV that remains visible at all times, and a sliding DIV that appears horizontally when the menu is activated. My HTML code looks like this. <div id ...

What is the proper way to update a dropdown value in a React JS component?

Can you please guide me on how to assign a value in a dropdown in react js? I am retrieving the dropdown data after a delay of 3000 milliseconds and then I need to set a value in the dropdown. const App = ({ children }) => { const val = "ax"; const ...

Sending a JSONP request to a PHP script

For my application submission, I am trying to send a JSON object to a PHP script that will return a JSON response. The challenge here is that the domain does not comply with the same-origin policy, meaning the JSON is being sent from a different domain. Up ...

Find the identifier that does not currently exist in the collection of objects

There is a situation where I have an array and an object that consists of arrays of ids, which are essentially permission objects. My goal now is to extract the ids that do not exist in the given object. Can someone assist me with devising the necessary l ...

What is the best way to execute a specific set of unit tests in Gulp-Angular using Karma?

In the midst of my AngularJS 1.4 project, fashioned through the Gulp-Angular yeoman generator, I find myself facing a dilemma. With karma and gulp settings already in place, executing gulp test runs all *.spec.js files within the project. However, my desir ...

The JSON array provides the ideal syntax for looping purposes

I am working with JSON data and trying to check if a hovered element matches the names 'sports' or 'technology'. If there is a match, I want to retrieve the corresponding 'text' and 'image' values. However, I am only ...

What provides quicker performance in AngularJS: a directive or one-time binding?

I need to display a static array on a webpage without Angular watching its value. With that requirement in mind, my question is: Which method is faster: using a directive to fetch a scope variable and create an HTML element with this variable as a hard-co ...

The entered value in the <input> field is not valid

I am encountering an issue where the input value is auto-filled, but when I click the submit button, the input field value is not recognized unless I modify something in it, such as deleting and adding the last word to the first name. Is there a way to m ...

"Upon pressing the submit button in the router.post function, a null value appears

In my form, I am attempting to redirect the page to the home URL after clicking the submit button. However, using res.redirect('/home') is not achieving the desired result. I have also tried using console.log("testing");, but that is not working ...

PHP code to export data to a CSV file containing Chinese characters

I attempted the following: $name = iconv("utf-8", "GB18030", $value["name"]); Opening in a text editor and changing the encoding Importing into Excel while adjusting the encoding This process involves PHP and JavaScript: Here is my PHP code: echo & ...

Does the onwheel event get triggered when scrolling on a trackpad?

Despite being a fundamental inquiry, the answer remains elusive to me. Due to its simplistic nature, there isn't much of an elaborate explanation available. Regrettably, I am lacking access to a laptop for testing purposes. ele.onwheel = function(e) ...

What is the best way to get jsDoc "import" to function properly in vscode?

Is it possible to import a node module using @import in Visual Studio Code? I'm trying it but it doesn't seem to be recognized. Am I missing something? https://i.stack.imgur.com/zq1rz.png ...

Utilizing Redux with React to fetch and handle JSON data from given API endpoint

The assignment I'm working on requires us to fetch JSON data from a specific endpoint called url and display it in an Excel-like table using React, Redux, and Redux-Thunk. I successfully managed to retrieve and display the data in a table by utilizin ...

Tips for positioning a div relative to another div while controlling its z-index

Hey there, take a look at the image below https://i.sstatic.net/zYiaY.png The issue I'm facing is quite common - I have div 1 and div 2 visible in a loop, but divs 3 are hidden. When div 2 is clicked on, everything is great so far. However, what I wa ...

Utilizing Node as an intermediary to transmit form-data to a Java server

I am working on an application that utilizes axios for communication with a node server, which then interacts with a separate java server. Calling the node server from the client: // assuming payload is of type FormData() axios.post(url, payload).then((r ...

How to Utilize Output() and EventEmitter() for Value Transmission in Angular Application

Last week I was successfully able to implement Output() and EventEmitter() in my Angular app. However, today I am facing a new challenge while trying to apply the same concept in a different scenario. I'm not sure what I might be overlooking. Firstly ...