What's the best way to specify a function's parameters without explicitly defining the return type?

Here are two functions for you to explore: originalhelloWorld, which is untyped, and helloWorld, which has a specified type. Notice how the return type of the untyped function is inferred (what is this called?), while the typed function returns "any".

Is there a way to define the type of arguments for the ExampleFunction but still leave the return type as inferred? I've experimented with generics in various combinations, but nothing seems to be effective.

Typescript Playground

const originalhelloWorld = (greeting: string | boolean) => {
   if (typeof greeting === 'boolean') return greeting
   return `hello ${greeting}`
}

type o = ReturnType<typeof originalhelloWorld>
//  ^? type o = string | boolean

/* ------------------------------------ */

type ExampleFunction = (greeting: string | boolean) => any

const helloWorld: ExampleFunction = (greeting) => {
   if (typeof greeting === 'boolean') return greeting
   return `hello ${greeting}`
}

type x = ReturnType<typeof helloWorld>
//  ^? type x = any

Answer №1

The latest addition of the satisfies operator in TypeScript 4.9 is quite impressive:

Link to Playground:

const originalhelloWorld = (greeting: string | boolean) => {
   if (typeof greeting === 'boolean') return greeting
   return `hello ${greeting}`
}

type o = ReturnType<typeof originalhelloWorld>
//  ^?

/* ------------------------------------ */

type ExampleFunction = (greeting: string | boolean) => any

const helloWorld = ((greeting) => {
   if (typeof greeting === 'boolean') return greeting
   return `hello ${greeting}`
}) satisfies ExampleFunction

type x = ReturnType<typeof helloWorld>
//  ^?

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