When conditional types are used to pass unions through generics, the assigned value defaults to 'any' instead of

In search of a universal type to implement in my actions. Actions can vary from simple functions to functions that return another function, demonstrated below:

() => void
() => (input: I) => void

An Action type with a conditional generic Input has been crafted, as follows:

type ConditionalInput<I = null> = I extends null
    ? () => void
    : () => (input: I) => void;

This type operates smoothly without an Input being passed:

const action1: ConditionalInput = () => { } // Perfect;

Moreover, when a singular Input is provided:

const action2: ConditionalInput<string> = () => str => { } // Excellent;

However, if a union of Inputs is used,

const action3: ConditionalInput<string | number> =
    () => strOrNum => { } // The input becomes any!!;

A live demonstration with the code can be accessed via this link: TS Playground

If conditionals are removed, the union functions seamlessly:

type NonConditionalInput<I> = () => (input: I) => void;

const action4: NonConditionalInput<string | number> =
    () => strOrNum => { } // No issues;

Answer №1

You've discovered the concept of distributive behavior in conditional types. Essentially, the conditional type is individually applied to each element of a union and then the result is the union of all those individual applications. In your scenario,

ConditionalInput<string | number> == ((input: string) => void) | ((input: number) => void);

If you want to prevent distribution, you can use a tuple like this:

type ConditionalInput<I = null> = [I] extends [null]
    ? () => void
    : () => (input: I) => void;


const action3: ConditionalInput<string | number> =
    () => strOrNum => { } // now it works as expected

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