When employing the array push method, Generic Function encounters an issue: assigning type 'string' to type 'never' results in an error

When looking at this code, we see that the type of array is already specified. However, TypeScript throws an error when trying to push elements into the array, displaying the following message:

Argument of type 'string | number' is not assignable to parameter of type 'never'. Type 'string' is not assignable to type 'never'.

type Characters = {
    letters: string[];
    numbers: number[];
}

const characters :Characters = {
    letters:  ['a', 'b',' c' ],
    numbers: [1,2,3],
}

type AddCharacter = <K extends keyof Characters, V extends Characters[K][number]>
(characterType:K, character:V) => void;

const addCharacter  :AddCharacter = (characterType, character) =>{
   characters[characterType].push(character) //Type 'string' is not assignable to type 'never'
}

addCharacter('letters', 'd') //ok
addCharacter('numbers', 4) //ok
addCharacter('letters', 4) //error as expected because 4 is not a string
addCharacter('numbers', 'd') //error as expected because 'd' is not a number
addCharacter('words', 'test' )  //error as expected because 'words' is not a key of 'Characters'

The reason behind the error in the code is unclear since the types seem correct with perfect type checking when calling addCharacter. Is there a way to resolve this error and make it work smoothly with TypeScript? Thank you for any insights! Playground

Answer №1

By adding the line below into the addCharacter function, you will notice that Typescript deduces the type of x to be string | number, indicating that characters[characterType] is string[] | number[].

let x = characters[characterType][1]

This clarifies why the push method shows parameter items with type never[],

(method) Array<T>.push(items: never[]): number

since T represents string[] | number[], not just string[] or only number[]. Consequently, the type of items becomes never[], ultimately producing the displayed error message.

To address this issue, modify addCharacter as follows:

const addCharacter:AddCharacter = <K extends keyof Characters, V extends Characters[K][number]>(characterType: K, character: V) => {
    (characters[characterType] as V[]).push(character)
}

This enforces the type of characters[characterType] to align with the dynamically inferred type of V based on the type of K. It's unclear why Typescript doesn't handle this automatically. Perhaps a Typescript expert can provide insight, or it may be worth submitting a Typescript Issue.

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