When Typescript generics intersect with the type 'any', they automatically get expanded to type 'any'

Below is a snippet of code that showcases different types of functions and a function aggregator:

// Function that accepts any type of argument
const function1 = (parameter: any) => parameter;

// Function that requires a number to work
const function2 = (parameter: number) => parameter + 5;

// Function that requires a string to work
const function3 = (parameter: string) => parameter.split(':');

// Combinatorial function that combines two functions into a "meta function"
function functionAggregator<A1, R1, R2>(f1: (a1: A1) => R1, f2: (a1: A1) => R2): (a1: A1) => [R1, R2] {
  return (a1: A1) => [f1(a1), f2(a1)];
}

const validMetaFunction = functionAggregator(function1, function2);
// Valid because parameters of type number and any can overlap

const invalidMetaFunction = functionAggregator(function2, function3);
// Invalid because parameters of type number and string cannot overlap

const validFunctionResult = validMetaFunction(5);
// Valid result, since we passed in a number

const invalidFunctionResult = validMetaFunction('string');
// This line should ideally throw an error as the function expects a number, not a string

In the last line, validMetaFunction('string'); should ideally be marked as invalid code. However, due to the widened type of any in function1, the metaFunction's parameter type becomes any. Is there a way to resolve this issue?

Answer №1

Special thanks to @jcalz for sharing the insightful tsplay link. It was through this link that I uncovered the root cause of the issue - Typescript's default bivariant function type handling. By toggling the strictFunctionTypes setting in the tsplay link provided, I witnessed how it affected type checking. Enabling strictFunctionTypes allowed the types to flow correctly, while disabling it resulted in incorrect type checks.

If you're curious to learn more about what the strictFunctionTypes compiler option entails, check out this helpful discussion on Stack Overflow.

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