When using TypeScript, it is important to ensure that the type of the Get and Set accessors for properties returning a

Why is it necessary for TypeScript to require Get/Set accessors to have the same type? For example, if we want a property that returns a promise.

module App {
    export interface MyInterface {
        foo: ng.IPromise<IStuff>;
    }

    export interface IStuff {
        bar: string;
        baz: number;
    }

    class MyClass implements MyInterface {
        private _fooDeferred: ng.IDeferred<IStuff>;

        constructor(private $q: ng.IQService) {
            this._fooDeferred = this.$q.defer();
        }

        get foo(): ng.IPromise<IStuff> {
            return this._fooDeferred.promise;
        }

        set foo(value: IStuff) {
            this._fooDeferred.resolve(value);
        }
    }
}

'Get' and 'Set' accessor must have the same type is the error message that TypeScript will display.

To resolve this issue, one could simply change the accessors to type any. However, this would eliminate the benefits of static typing, essentially converting the code back to JavaScript.

        get foo(): any {
            return this._fooDeferred.promise;
        }

        set foo(value: any) {
            this._fooDeferred.resolve(value);
        }

Answer №1

This presents an excellent opportunity to utilize a union type (specifically for TypeScript 1.4 and above). An illustrative example can be found in this specific blog entry:

type StringPromise = string | ng.IPromise<string>;

module App {
    export interface MyInterface {
        foo: ng.IPromise<string>;
    }

    class MyClass implements MyInterface {
        private _fooDeferred: ng.IDeferred<string>;

        constructor(private $q: ng.IQService) {
            this._fooDeferred = this.$q.defer();
        }

        get foo(): StringPromise {
            return this._fooDeferred.promise;
        }

        set foo(value: StringPromise) {
            this._fooDeferred.resolve(value);
        }
    }
}

A few points to keep in mind:

  • Utilize type guards when making use of a certain type within the union type
  • In certain scenarios, type assertions may be necessary

Type Guard

Below is an illustration of how a type guard works:

if (typeof value === 'string') {
    // Within this if statement block, the type of value is deemed
    // as string, not StringPromise
} else {
    // In the else statement block, the type of value is viewed as
    // ng.IPromise<string>, rather than StringPromise
}

Type Assertion

If required, types can be asserted like so:

var prom = <string> value;

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