When working with Angular Universal, using d3.select may result in a "reference error: document is not defined" in the server.js file

Question

When working with Angular Universal, using d3.select may result in a "reference error: document is not defined" in the server.js file

I'm currently working on an Angular project that uses server-side rendering to generate D3 charts. Each chart is encapsulated within its own component, such as a line-chart component which consists of TypeScript, spec.ts, HTML, and CSS files for rendering the line chart. D3 library has been successfully installed, and the HTML content of the component includes an SVG tag with an ID attribute for easy selection. However, when attempting to select the element using D3, I encounter the error message "ReferenceError: document is not defined" in

? new _selection_index__WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0__["Selection"]([[document.querySelector(selector)]], [document.documentElement])

Here is a simple TypeScript code snippet that triggers this error. How can I resolve this issue?

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import * as d3 from "d3";

var svg = d3.select("#canvas");

@Component({
  selector: 'app-line-chart',
  templateUrl: './line-chart.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./line-chart.component.css']
})
export class LineChartComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor() { }

  ngOnInit() {
  }

}

javascript angular typescript d3.js svg

Answer 1

Answer №1

To access your svg element, you can follow these steps:

@Component({
  selector: 'app-line-chart',
  template: '<div class="chart" #chart></div>',
  styleUrls: ['./line-chart.component.css']
})
export class LineChartComponent implements OnInit {

  @ViewChild('chart') private chartContainer: ElementRef;

  constructor() { }

  ngOnInit() {
      const element = this.chartContainer.nativeElement;
      let svg = d3.select(element)
  }

}

(Feel free to keep your HTML in a separate file, I have included it here for better understanding)

Answer 2

To access your svg element, you can follow these steps:

@Component({
  selector: 'app-line-chart',
  template: '<div class="chart" #chart></div>',
  styleUrls: ['./line-chart.component.css']
})
export class LineChartComponent implements OnInit {

  @ViewChild('chart') private chartContainer: ElementRef;

  constructor() { }

  ngOnInit() {
      const element = this.chartContainer.nativeElement;
      let svg = d3.select(element)
  }

}

(Feel free to keep your HTML in a separate file, I have included it here for better understanding)

Answer 3

Answer №2

Although my response may be delayed, for future reference, when implementing ssr in Angular and attempting to render a chart in the ngOnInit() method, it is essential to ensure that you first verify if the application is running on the browser. This can be achieved by performing a preliminary check as shown below:

@Component({
  selector: 'app-line-chart',
  template: '<div class="chart" #chart></div>',
  styleUrls: ['./line-chart.component.css']
})
export class LineChartComponent implements OnInit {
  private platformId: object;

  @ViewChild('chart') private chartContainer: ElementRef;

  constructor() {
    this.platformId = inject(PLATFORM_ID);
  }

  ngOnInit() {
      if (isPlatformBrowser(this.platformId)) { // Ensure to validate browser environment before rendering the chart
      const element = this.chartContainer.nativeElement;
      let svg = d3.select(element)
     }
  }

}

Explanation: When utilizing Angular Universal, the server-side rendering precedes the client-side rendering. It's important to note that during server-side rendering, the DOM is not available, hence using d3.select will result in an error indicating that the document is inaccessible. For further information, refer to the Angular Universal official documentation

Answer 4

Although my response may be delayed, for future reference, when implementing ssr in Angular and attempting to render a chart in the ngOnInit() method, it is essential to ensure that you first verify if the application is running on the browser. This can be achieved by performing a preliminary check as shown below:

@Component({
  selector: 'app-line-chart',
  template: '<div class="chart" #chart></div>',
  styleUrls: ['./line-chart.component.css']
})
export class LineChartComponent implements OnInit {
  private platformId: object;

  @ViewChild('chart') private chartContainer: ElementRef;

  constructor() {
    this.platformId = inject(PLATFORM_ID);
  }

  ngOnInit() {
      if (isPlatformBrowser(this.platformId)) { // Ensure to validate browser environment before rendering the chart
      const element = this.chartContainer.nativeElement;
      let svg = d3.select(element)
     }
  }

}

Explanation: When utilizing Angular Universal, the server-side rendering precedes the client-side rendering. It's important to note that during server-side rendering, the DOM is not available, hence using d3.select will result in an error indicating that the document is inaccessible. For further information, refer to the Angular Universal official documentation

When working with Angular Universal, using d3.select may result in a "reference error: document is not defined" in the server.js file

Answer №1

Answer №2

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