Working with Typescript: Utilizing a static method with a `this` parameter

I've hit a roadblock in my Typescript project.

Essentially, I am trying to invoke a static function from a class that extends a specific abstract class.

However, an error is being thrown:

The 'this' context of type 'typeof A' is not assignable to method's 'this' of type 'AStatic<AStatic<unknown>>'. Cannot assign an abstract constructor type to a non-abstract constructor type.

For reference, here is the Typescript playground.

Below is the snippet of code exhibiting this issue:

type AStatic<S extends A> = { new(): S };

abstract class A {
  static callStatic<S extends AStatic<S>>(this: AStatic<S>) {
    console.log('hey')
  }
}

class B extends A {
}


class D extends A {
}

class C {
  aType: typeof A;
  constructor(type: typeof A) {
    this.aType = type;
    this.aType.callStatic(); // The error occurs at this line
  }
}

const c = new C(B);
const c_2 = new C(D);

To bypass this error in Typescript, I have resorted to using `any` instead of `typeof A`, but this means sacrificing IDE support for A's functions.

Note that I do not have control over class A and type AStatic as they are part of an external library.

Answer №1

You’re getting warm! Let’s take a closer look at your pseudo-definition for A:

abstract class A {
  static callStatic<S extends AStatic<S>>(this: AStatic<S>) {
   //                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   //      the parameter 'this' must be of type AStatic<A>

Now, examining AStatic:

type AStatic<S extends A> = { new(): A };
//                             ^^^^^ - this type needs to have a constructor,
//                                   which means no abstract classes allowed.

This eliminates using typeof A as the this parameter since it’s an abstract class. Consider using AStatic directly:

class C {
  aType: AStatic<A>;
  constructor(type: AStatic<A>) {
    this.aType = type;
    this.aType.callStatic();
    //            ^^^^^^^^^^ - Property 'callStatic' doesn't exist on type 'AStatic<A>'
  }
}

However, callStatic isn’t defined within AStatic. The solution lies in an intersection type:

class C {
  aType: AStatic<A> & typeof A
  constructor(type: AStatic<A> & typeof A) {
    this.aType = type;
    this.aType.callStatic() // it works now!
  }
}

As mentioned by MunsMan, if you don’t need to override callStatic on your derived types, there’s no need to pass typeof A at all:

const c = new C(B);
c.callStatic(); // hey
B.callStatic(); // hey
D.callStatic(); // hey

In essence, with a non-abstract version of A, you can execute callStatic (or any other static method/property) consistently without any issues!

Answer №2

There is no need to instantiate a specific instance of A when calling its static method.

type AStatic<S extends A> = { new(): A };

abstract class A {
    static callStatic<S extends AStatic<S>>(this: AStatic<S>) {
        console.log('hey')
    }
}

class B extends A {

}

class C {
    aType: typeof A;
    constructor(type: typeof A) {
        this.aType = type;
        B.callStatic()
    }
}

const c = new C(B);

Since callStatic is a static method, you can directly invoke it in the subclass B without instantiating A.

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