Acquire the property that broadens the interface

I'm currently working on a TypeScript function that aims to retrieve a property from an object with the condition that the returned property must extend a certain HasID interface.

I envision being able to utilize it in this manner:

let obj = {
  foo: 123,
  bar: {
    id: 123
  }
};

get(obj, 'foo') // Error
get(obj, 'bar') // All good here

This is what I've come up with so far:

interface HasID {
  id: number;
}

interface HasPropertyWithID<K, T extends HasID> {
  K: T
}

function get<
  T extends HasID, 
  K extends keyof O, 
  O extends HasPropertyWithID<K, T>
>(obj: O, key: K): T {
  return obj[key]
}

However, the error

'O[K]' is not assignable to type 'T'
is arising. Is there a way to work around this limitation of TypeScript's type system?

Answer №1

To ensure the value is properly constrained, consider utilizing a mapped type:

function fetchAndReturn<
    K extends keyof D,
    T extends HasCode,
    D extends { [P in K]: T }
    >(data: D, key: K): T {
    return data[key];
}
// Example
let data = {
    apple: 5,
    banana: {
        code: 'A123',
        description: ''
    }
};

fetchAndReturn(data, 'apple') // Issue detected
fetchAndReturn(data, 'banana') // All good here

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