Are union types strictly enforced?

Is it expected for this to not work as intended?

class Animal { }
class Person { }

type MyUnion = Number | Person;

var list: Array<MyUnion> = [ "aaa", 2, new Animal() ]; // Is this supposed to fail?

var x: MyUnion = "jjj"; // Should this actually pass?

Any suggestions on how to enforce strict type checking in this scenario?

Answer №1

When it comes to TypeScript, type compatibility is determined by structural subtyping.

Structural typing focuses on the members of types, rather than their names or declarations.

Specifically for classes:

Comparing two objects of a class type in TypeScript involves only comparing the members of the instance, without considering static members or constructors.

For further details, check out https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/type-compatibility.html#classes

Answer №2

If there is any definition within Animal or Person, the following will not work:

class Animal { type: string; }
class Person { profession: string; }

type MyCombine = string | Person;

var collection: Array<MyCombine> = [ "apple", 3, new Animal() ]; // Currently leads to failure

var y: MyCombine = "orange"; // Currently leads to failure

In the absence of any declarations in Animal or Person, a string (or any other data) meets the criteria you are seeking.

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