Define a component using a specific type

Can a component with a generic type be declared in Angular 4?

The code snippet below is causing build errors:

export class MyGenericComponent<T> implements OnInit {
    @Input()  data: BehaviorSubject<T[]>;

    //...
}

An error occurs when running ng serve:

ERROR in C:/.../my-generic.module.ts (5,10): Module '"C:/.../my-generic.component"' has no exported member 'MyGenericComponent'.

Example:

In the example below, an attempt is made to create a generic data table where the @Input() data can vary between components. Is it possible to change BehaviorSubject<any[]> to BehaviorSubject<T[]>, with T representing the generic type passed to the component?

@Component({
  selector: 'my-data-list',
  templateUrl: './data-list.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./data-list.component.css']
})
export class DataListComponent implements OnInit {
  @Input()  data: BehaviorSubject<any[]>;
  @Output() onLoaded = new EventEmitter<boolean>();

  private tableDataBase : TableDataBase = new TableDataBase();
  private dataSource : TableDataSource | null;

  constructor() { }

  ngOnInit() {
    this.tableDataBase.dataChange = this.data;
    this.dataSource = new TableDataSource(this.tableDataBase);
    this.onLoaded.emit(true);
  }
}

class TableDataBase {
  dataChange: BehaviorSubject<any[]> = new BehaviorSubject<any[]>([]);

  get data(): any[] {
    return this.dataChange.value;
  }
}

class TableDataSource extends DataSource<any> {

  constructor(private tableDataBase: TableDataBase) {
    super();
  }

  connect(): Observable<any[]> {
    return Observable.of(this.tableDataBase.data);
  }

  disconnect() {}
}

Answer №1

To access the Type parameter using ViewChild in a different way, consider the following:

export class Quux {
  title: string;

  constructor(title: string) {
    this.title = title;   
  }
}

@Component({
  selector: 'app-foo',
  template: `<div>{{quux?.title}}</div>`,
  exportAs: 'appQuux'
})
export class FooComponent<T> {
  constructor() {}
  private _quux: T;

  set quux(q: T) {
    this._quux = q;
  }

  get quux(): T {
   return this._quux;
  }
}

@Component({
  selector: 'app-bar',
  template: `<app-foo #appQuux></app-foo>`,
  styleUrls: ['./foo.component.scss'],
})
export class BarComponent<T> implements OnInit {
  @ViewChild('appQuux') appQuux: FooComponent<Quux>;

  constructor() {}

  ngOnInit() {
    this.appQuux.quux = new Quux('quizzle');
    console.log(this.appQuux.quux);
  }
}

Answer №2

While you have the ability to declare it, direct utilization is restricted. Try an approach similar to this:

export abstract class Form<T> implements OnInit, OnChanges {
  someFunction() { throw 'Avoid direct use' }
  anotherFunction() { return 'Success!'; }
  // Keep in mind that using protected here will result in a compilation error
  protected additionalFunction() { }
}

@Component({})
export class FormData extends Form<Model> {
  someFunction() { return this.anotherFunction(); }
}

Answer №3

To approach this situation, you can start by creating a structured interface to define the data format. Here is an example of how it can be done:

interface ListItem {
  info: string;
  ...
}

Next step would be to transform the data into the format specified by the interface so that it can be easily processed by the ListDataComponent. Once the data is ready, the ListDataComponent will be able to display the information based on the properties defined in the interface.

import { Component, OnInit, Input } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'data-list',
  templateUrl: './data-list.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./data-list.component.scss']
})
export class DataListComponent implements OnInit {
    @Input() public items: ListItem[];

    constructor() {
    }

    ngOnInit() {
    }
}

Answer №4

Inspired by Jun711, I implemented a similar approach. By creating an interface and having my component utilize it, I was able to extend the interface for other classes as needed. Essentially, I passed in an array of a type that extends the interface.

export interface INameable {
    name: string;
}

export interface IPerson extends INameable { title: string; }
export interface IManager extends INameable { Employees: IPerson[]; }

@Component({
    selector: 'nameable',
    templateUrl: './nameable.component.html',
    styleUrls: ['./nameable.component.scss'],
})
export class NameableComponent implements OnInit {

    @Input() names: INameable[] = [];
    @Output() selectedNameChanged = new EventEmitter<INameable>();

    constructor() {}
    ngOnInit() {}
}

The implementation is straightforward:

<nameable [names]="PersonList" (selectedNameChanged)="personChangedHandler($event)"></nameable>
<nameable [names]="ManagerList" (selectedNameChanged)="mangagerChangedHandler($event)"></nameable>

Although the containing component needs to understand the full type, this method enhances reusability while adhering to Liskov's Principle & the Interface Segregation Principle.

Answer №5

To enhance the organization of your data display, I suggest creating a main list component that contains multiple sub-components for each specific type of data. Utilize [ngSwitch] along with *ngSwitchCase to determine which components to display based on the data type.

@Component({
  selector: 'app-list',
  template: `
    <ng-container *ngFor="let item in list$ | async" [ngSwitch]="item.type">
      <app-list-item-one [item]="item" *ngSwitchCase="listItemType.One"></app-list-item-one>
      <app-list-item-two [item]="item" *ngSwitchCase="listItemType.Two"></app-list-item-two>
    </ng-container>
  `
})
export class ListComponent extends OnInit {
  list$: Observable<ListItem[]>

  constructor(
    private listApi: ListApiService
  ) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    this.list$ = this.listApi.getList(...)
  }
}

@Component({
  selector: 'app-list-item-one',
  template: `
    {{ item.aProperty }}
  `
})
export class ListItemOneComponent {
  @Input() item: ListItemOne
}

@Component({
  selector: 'app-list-item-two',
  template: `
    {{ item.bProperty }}
  `
})
export class ListItemTwoComponent {
  @Input() item: ListItemTwo
}

export class ListItem {
  id: string
}

export class ListItemOne {
  aProperty: string
}

export class ListItemTwo {
  bProperty: string
}

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