Develop an abstract class that includes methods that return an instance of itself

Is it possible to create an abstract class called ParseContent that allows implementors to define a parse method, while also having additional methods that return instances of the implementing class?

export abstract class ParseContent extends RawContent { 
  parsed: any

  constructor(params: ConstructorParameters<typeof RawContent>[0] & {
    parsed: any
  }) {
    super(params)
    this.parsed = params.parsed
  }

  abstract parse<T> (content: string): T

  static fromString(opt: Parameters<typeof RawContent['fromString']>[0]) { 
    const pureOpts = super.fromStringOpts(opt)
    const parsed = this.parse(pureOpts.content)
    return new this({ ...pureOpts, parsed })
  }

  static async fromPath(opt: Parameters<typeof RawContent['fromPath']>[0]) { 
    const pureOpts = await super.fromPathOpts(opt)
    const parsed = this.parse(pureOpts.content)
    return new this({ ...pureOpts, parsed })
  }

}

export class JSONContent extends ParseContent { 
  static parse(content: string): any { 
    return JSON.parse(content)
  }
}

Answer №1

When using new this in static members, instances of the called class will be created. For example, when calling JSONContent.fromPath(...) (where JSONContent inherits from

ParseContent</code), a <code>JSONContent
instance is created because this refers to JSONContent. The same applies to using the parse method on JSONContent within the scope of fromPath.

For illustration:

class Parent {
    static wrapper() {
        return this.create();
    }
    static create() {
        const ctor = (this && this[Symbol.species]) || this;
        return new ctor();
    }
}

class Child extends Parent {
}
console.log(Child.create() instanceof Child);  // true
console.log(Child.wrapper() instanceof Child); // true

Subclasses can override this behavior using the species pattern and other mechanisms, but it seems like you're interested in the default behavior.

In terms of TypeScript implications, there may be limitations with regards to overriding the default constructor behavior.

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