Differences between RxJs Observable<string> and Observable<string[]>

I'm struggling to grasp the concept of RxJS Observables, even though I have utilized the observable pattern in various scenarios in my life. Below is a snippet of code that showcases my confusion:

    const observable: Observable<Response> = createdElswhere();
    let test1: Observable<string>;
    let test2: Observable<string[]>;

    test1 = observable.map(r => r.json());
    test2 = observable.map(r => r.json());

The Response.json() function returns an array of data - typically objects that are mapped to a TypeScript object, but in this case they are simply strings:

[  
    "test1",
    "test2",
    "test3",
    "test4"
]

Upon subscribing to either the test1 or test2 properties (whether in an Angular view template or via manual code using .subscribe(), for instance), it appears that the observable's generic type does not affect how the framework handles them. The output is identical despite the difference in the 'data' within the observables (one being an array and the other an array of observable strings).

Could someone clarify the disparity between Observable<string> and Observable<string[]>, providing an illustrative example of their correct usage?

Answer №1

Observing<string> implies that you are setting up an observer for data of type string

Observing<string[]> suggests that you are establishing an observer for an array of strings

When you code in typescript, it serves as a form of type checking to assist your compiler in detecting any incorrect variable assignments. Since TypeScript gets compiled into JavaScript, which lacks type checking, the actual value assigned doesn't hold significance.

For example: **In TypeScript **

let k: int;

k = r.json().val;

In the compiled JavaScript code:

var k;

k = r.json().val;

Therefore, if r.json().val returns an integer, then k will be an integer, and if k is a string, it will become a string.

Answer №2

Observable<number> represents observables that emit values which are expected to be numbers. Observable<boolean[]> represents observables that emit values which are arrays of booleans.

The type assigned to an observable does not determine the actual values emitted by it. It is defined by how the observable is created. For example, using

observable.map(data => data.json())
, if data.json() returns a string, the observable will emit strings. On the other hand, if it returns an array of strings, the observable will emit arrays of strings.

However, if the signature of data.json() is something like (response: Response): string[], TypeScript may generate errors indicating incompatibility with the expected type of test1.

Answer №3

Like previously mentioned by others, the type argument specified within angle brackets helps TypeScript determine the type of data emitted by the observable.

It is important to note that at runtime, this distinction does not matter as TypeScript performs type-checking during build time.

In the case of using test1 and test2, there may be no discernible difference because the .json() method returns an any type, allowing for flexibility in casting to either a string or string[]. However, TypeScript will raise an error if you try to perform string methods on a value typed as an array, such as trying to use replace on something designated as a string[].

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