Error encountered in TypeScript when attempting to combine type string, number, or null, but not when combining only string or

What causes the function foo to display an error message

Type 'string | number' is not assignable to type 'string'. Type 'number' is not assignable to type 'string'.
at the return value; line while the function bar functions correctly?

TypeScript Playground

function foo(value: string | number | null): string | null {
    if (typeof value !== 'string' && value !== null) {
        throw new Error();
    }

    return value;
}

function bar(value: string | number): string {
    if (typeof value !== 'string') {
        throw new Error();
    }

    return value;
}

Answer №1

When tested in Typescript 3.2.2 with strict null checks, there are no type errors found in your code.

function foo(value: string | number | null): string | null {
    //value is of type `string | number | null`
    if (typeof value !== 'string' && /*value is of type `number | null` */ value !== null) {
        //value becomes `number`
        throw new Error();
    }
    //value is of type `string | null`

    return value;
}

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