Expanding Classes through Index signatories

My attempt at creating an abstract class is not going as smoothly as I hoped. I suspect my limited knowledge of TypeScript is the primary issue, even though this seems like a common scenario.

The abstract class I'm working on is called Program. It contains various functions and attributes.

abstract class Program {
  someString: string = "bob";
  someFunc(): void {
    return;
  }
  someOtherfunc: void {
    this.childFunc();
    return; 
  }
}

Additionally, I have an interface called 'IProgram' which looks like this:

interface IProgram {
  childFunc: () => void; 
}

I created a class called Child that extends the Program class and implements the 'IProgram' interface like this:

class Child extends Program implements IProgram {
  childFunc(): void {
    console.log("Hello World")
  }
}

Despite my efforts, I'm struggling to make it work without encountering some undesirable behavior.

I attempted to add an index signature to 'Program'. While this eliminated TS errors, it also allowed any operation in the child program, which I want to avoid.

Another approach I tried was declaring 'childFunc' as type any in the Abstract class, but then it complains that it should be a function, not a member.

I even created a minimal StackBlitz to showcase the issue:

https://stackblitz.com/edit/typescript-po7hbo

My ultimate goal is for the abstract class to ensure that all its children have the specified functions and properties.

Answer №1

It appears that you are expecting all concrete subclasses of Program to implement IProgram, as you are utilizing this.childFunc() within the definition of Program. To achieve this, you should specify that Program implements IProgram, define the childFunc method within Program, and mark it as abstract:

abstract class Program implements IProgram {

  abstract childFunc(): void; // marked as abstract

  someString: string = "bob";
  someFunc(): void {
    return;
  };
  someOtherfunc(): void {
    this.childFunc(); // now it works fine
    return;
  };  
}

// since the parent class already implements it, you can remove the "implements IProgram" from Child
class Child extends Program {
  childFunc(): void {
    console.log("Hello World")
  }
}

Abstract methods are declared in the abstract class but not implemented, and all concrete subclasses must implement them to avoid an error:

class Oops extends Program { // error!
//    ~~~~ 
// Non-abstract class 'Oops' does not implement inherited 
// abstract member 'childFunc' from class 'Program'.
}

I hope this explanation is beneficial. Best of luck!

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