Guide to utilizing services in Angular 2

As I've developed a service with numerous variables and functions, my goal is to inject this service into multiple components. Each component should have the ability to update certain variables within the service so that all variables are updated once the components are invoked.

My question is, if I inject the service into several components, will it be the same service across all components (meaning the same reference) or will a new reference be created each time the components are called?

Thank you!

Answer №1

I wasn't sure if the response from @Zircon was exactly what you needed, so I'll provide my approach to address your query.

If you've already imported your service in app.module.ts and included it in the list of providers, you can structure your service like this:

import { BehaviorSubject } from 'rxjs/Rx';
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';

@Injectable()
export class YourService {
    public var1: BehaviorSubject<string> = new BehaviorSubject('str');
    public var2: BehaviorSubject<boolean> = new BehaviorSubject(true);
    public var3: BehaviorSubject<number> = new BehaviorSubject(123);

When a component modifies any of these values, other components can stay synchronized by implementing something similar within their respective components:

export class YourComponent implements OnInit {
  myData: any = this.yourService.var1.subscribe((value) => this.myData = value);


  constructor(
    private yourService: YourService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
  }

}

To update values, you can do:

this.yourService.var1.next('new_str');

If you want certain components to automatically update your service variables when they load, you can include the above line within the ngOnInit(){} block.

Answer №2

By ensuring that you "provide" the service only once throughout your entire application, you can have a single instance of your Service injected into all components. Usually, a "singleton" service is defined in the CoreModule:

@NgModule({
  imports: [ 
    CommonModule,
    FormsModule,
    RouterModule,
    TranslateModule.forRoot({ //This is an ngx-translate module, it has a service that must be singular
      loader: {
        provide: TranslateLoader,
        useFactory: (createTranslateLoader),
        deps: [Http]
      }
    })
  ],
  providers: [
    MySingletonService //This custom service can be shared
  ],
  exports: [TranslateModule] // Make the dependency module available only once
})
export class CoreModule {
    ...
}

Subsequently, your AppModule (or any Module involved in bootstrap) would import the CoreModule to ensure its Services are accessible across the app. It's important to note this approach differs from a SharedModule, where each dependent Module imports the SharedModule and receives a unique instance of each declaration/provider.

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