Interacting between components using Angular 2 services

I am attempting to implement bidirectional service communication using Angular. I have followed the instructions provided in the documentation here: https://angular.io/docs/ts/latest/cookbook/component-communication.html#!#bidirectional-service

interaction.service.ts:

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Subject } from 'rxjs/Subject';    
import { Options } from './options';

@Injectable()
export class InteractionService {
    private optionsSource = new Subject<Options>();

    options$ = this.optionsSource.asObservable();

    setOptions(options: Options) {
        this.optionsSource.next(options);
    }
}

app.component.ts:

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { CoreService } from './core/core.service';
import { InteractionService } from './providers/interaction.service';
import { Options } from './options';

@Component({
    selector: 'app',
    templateUrl: './app/app.component.html'
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
    constructor(private coreService: CoreService,
        private interactionService: InteractionService) { }

    ngOnInit() {
          this.coreService.getOptions().subscribe((options: Options) => { 
              this.interactionService.setOptions(options);
            });
        }
    }

sidebar.component.ts:

import { Component, OnInit} from '@angular/core';
import { InteractionService } from './../../providers/interaction.service';
import { Options } from './options';

@Component({
    selector: 'app-sidebar',
    templateUrl: './app/core/sidebar/sidebar.component.html'
})
export class SidebarComponent implements OnInit {
    options: Options;

    constructor(private interactionService: InteractionService) {
        this.interactionService.options$.subscribe(
            (options: options) => {
                this.options = options;
            });
    }

    ngOnInit() {
        if (this.options.mode === "test") {
            //...
        } else {
            //...
        }
    }
}

app.component.html:

<app-sidebar></app-sidebar>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>

I have added "providers: [InteractionService]" to app.module.ts.

However, when running the code, I encountered an error in sidebar.component.ts stating "Cannot read property 'mode' of undefined". What could be causing this issue and how can it be resolved?

Answer №1

One should not assume that the value will be available during the ngOnInit() lifecycle hook.

export class SidebarComponent implements OnInit {
    options: Options;

    constructor(private interactionService: InteractionService) {
        this.interactionService.options$.subscribe(
            (options: options) => {
                this.options = options;
                if (this.options.mode === "test") {
                  //...
                } else {
                  //...
                }
            });
    }
}

The safe assumption is that the value is accessible when the callback provided to subscribe(...) is triggered. If the value is fetched from a server request, it could take some time after the constructor or ngOnInit method (or any other lifecycle hook) has completed execution.

Answer №2

If you're looking to improve your app's functionality, here are some suggestions to consider:
interaction.service.ts:

  • Consider implementing BehaviorSubject by using
    private optionsSource = new BehaviorSubject<Options>(null);
    .

Implementing the above line may resolve any issues in your app without requiring further changes. However, there are additional steps you can take.

app.component.ts:

  • Try relocating the subscription to the constructor of interaction.service.ts.

By doing this, you will minimize direct interaction with interaction.service.ts in your app.component, although it is still essential for communication through the service. No need to worry.

sidebar.component.ts

  • Move the subscription from constructor to ngOnInit.

For a more detailed implementation, feel free to refer to this link showcasing the suggested modifications.

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