Is it possible to utilize a const as both an object and a type within TypeScript?

In our code, we encountered a scenario where we had a class that needed to serve as both an object and an interface. The class had a cumbersome long name, so we decided to assign it to a constant. However, when we attempted to use this constant, we faced some unexpected issues:

class MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse {
    constructor(public name: string) {}
    static className = "SomeThing:MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse";
}

// Constant for convenience
const MyClassConst = MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse;

let someFunction = (staticClassObject: Object, callback) =>  {};

// An error occurred - 'Cannot find name MyClassConst'
someFunction(MyClassConst, (cmd: MyClassConst) => { /* perform some action */ });

Strangely enough, adding a type alias right after the const declaration resolved the issue:

class MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse {
    constructor(public name: string) {}
    static className = "SomeThing:MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse";
}

// Constant for convenience
const MyClassConst = MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse;
type MyClassConst = MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse;  // <<<<<<<<<<<<<

let someFunction = (staticClassObject: Object, callback) =>  {};

// No issues with this implementation
someFunction(MyClassConst, (cmd: MyClassConst) => { /* perform some action */ });

This situation raises concerns as we seem to be modifying a constant and defining the same thing twice with different keywords. Surprisingly, using the actual long class name directly instead of the constant works seamlessly. The problem only arises when the class is accessed through the constant (or other variable declarations).

Should we just accept this behavior as a quirk of the language, or is there a way to retrieve the type from the constant? Perhaps there is another approach we have overlooked?

Answer №1

Just like interfaces, type aliases do not survive the compilation process and are not included in the compiled javascript.
You cannot store a type alias in a variable, pass it as an argument to a function, or access it during runtime.

Conversely, you cannot utilize a variable as a type:

let a = "string";
let b: a; // Error: Cannot find name 'a'

You simply use them differently, which prevents conflicts when naming both a type alias and a variable with the same identifier.
This behavior is consistent with interfaces as well:

const MyString = "astring";
interface MyString {
    doSomethingSpecial();
}

This prohibits any modification of the MyClassConst constant.
While classes (and enums) can be used as types, they also exist at runtime, allowing you to assign them to variables or pass them to functions.
Hence, attempting the following will result in errors:

type MyType = string; // Error: Duplicate identifier 'MyType'
class MyType {} // Error: Duplicate identifier 'MyType'

enum MyOtherType {} // Error: Duplicate identifier 'MyOtherType'
let MyOtherType = 3; // Error: Duplicate identifier 'MyOtherType'

Despite this, it is advisable to refrain from using the Object type according to the official TypeScript documentation on the any type:

The any type is a powerful way to interact with existing JavaScript code, enabling gradual adoption and removal of type checks during compilation. Although Object may seem similar to other languages, it solely permits values to be assigned without invoking arbitrary methods

Hence, it is preferable to opt for any, but you can also use:

class MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse {
    constructor(public name: string) {}
    static className = "SomeThing:MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse";
}

type MyClassConst = MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse;
type MyClassConstructor = {
    new (name: string): MyClassConst;
    className: string;
}
type MyClassHandler = (cmd: MyClassConst) => void;
const MyClassConst = MyClassWithAReallyLongNameThatIsAnnoyinToUse;

let someFunction = (staticClassObject: MyClassConstructor, callback: MyClassHandler) => { };

someFunction(MyClassConst, (cmd: MyClassConst) => { /* perform some action */ });

const MyString = "astring";
interface MyString {
    doSomethingSpecial();
}

(run code snippet))

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