Jasmin tricks for faking input properties in Angular unit testing

Currently, I am facing a challenge in mocking input properties for an Angular unit test. Despite my efforts, I keep encountering the same error message:

TypeError: Cannot read property 'data' of undefined

This is how my HTML Template is structured:

<div class="container-fluid">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-12">
      <plot [data]="graph.data" [layout]="graph.layout"></plot>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

And here's a snippet from my Component:

...
export class ChartComponent implements OnInit {

  @Input() currentChart: Chart;

  currentLocationData: any;

  public graph = {
    data: [
      {
        type: 'bar',
        x: [1, 2, 3],
        y: [10, 20, 30],
      }
    ],
    layout: {
      title: 'A simple chart',
    },
    config: {
      scrollZoom: true
    }
  };

  ...
}

My unit-test setup seems straightforward, but it still results in the mentioned error:

describe('ChartComponent', () => {

  let component: ChartComponent;
  let fixture: ComponentFixture<ChartComponent>;

  beforeEach(async(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      declarations: [ChartComponent],
      imports: [
        // My imports
      ]
    })
      .compileComponents();
  }));

  beforeEach(() => {
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(ChartComponent);
    component = fixture.componentInstance;
    fixture.detectChanges();
  });

  it('should create', () => {
    expect(component).toBeTruthy();
  });
});

I've experimented with various approaches to mock the data property and the currentChart @Input.

Could you advise on the correct method to resolve this issue and successfully pass the unit-test?

Answer №1

When working with the input property in Angular, it behaves just like any other variable. You can set its value within your beforeEach function.

beforeEach(() => {
  fixture = TestBed.createComponent(ExplorerChartViewComponent);
  component = fixture.componentInstance;
  component.currentChart = someChart; // set input before first detectChanges
  fixture.detectChanges();
});

If you'd like to learn more about this topic, check out this resource. Personally, I prefer using this particular approach.

In my preferred approach, you would create a TestHost component structured like this:

@Component({
  selector: 'app-testhost-chart',
  template: `<app-chart [currentChart]=chart></app-chart>`, // or replace 'app-chart' with your actual Chart Component Selector
})
export class TestHostComponent {
  chart = new Chart();
}

To switch over to using the TestHost component for testing, make the following adjustments:

declarations: [ChartComponent, TestHostComponent ],
...
beforeEach(() => {
  fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TestHostComponent );
  component = fixture.debugElement.children[0].componentInstance;
  fixture.detectChanges();
});

However, there are two potential issues that you may encounter based on the information provided, particularly regarding the assignment of the graph:

  1. You have declarations: [ChartComponent], while initializing
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(ExplorerChartViewComponent);
    . It seems like it should be
    TestBed.createComponent(ChartComponent)
    instead, unless this was a mistake.
  2. Your HTML contains
    <plot [data]="graph.data" [layout]="graph.layout"></plot>
    , suggesting a plot component that is not declared. To address this, consider creating a mock component similar to TestHostComponent but mirroring all public properties of your actual PlotComponent. By doing this, you avoid introducing real functionality and dependencies of PlotComponent into your unit test for ChartComponent.

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