Sharing data between components in Angular2 can be achieved through the use of services

In my Angular2 app, I need to share an object between components. Here is how I'm attempting to do this:

First component source code:

/* app.component.ts */
// ...imports
import {ConfigService} from './config.service';

@Component({
    selector: 'my-app',
    templateUrl: 'app/templates/app.html',
    directives: [Grid],
    providers: [ConfigService]
})
export class AppComponent {
    public size: number;
    public square: number;

    constructor(_configService: ConfigService) {
        this.size = 16;
        this.square = Math.sqrt(this.size);

        _configService.setOption('size', this.size);
        _configService.setOption('square', this.square);
    }
}

Second component source code:

/* grid.component.ts */
// ...imports
import {ConfigService} from './config.service';

@Component({
    selector: 'grid',
    templateUrl: 'app/templates/grid.html',
    providers: [ConfigService]
})
export class Grid {
    public config;
    public header = [];

    constructor(_configService: ConfigService) {
        this.config = _configService.getConfig();
    }

Lastly, the ConfigService:

/* config.service.ts */
import {Injectable} from 'angular2/core';

@Injectable()
export class ConfigService {

    private config = {};

    setOption(option, value) {
        this.config[option] = value;
    }

    getConfig() {
        return this.config;
    }
}

The issue I'm facing is that the data is not being shared between components. Despite filling the object in app.component.ts, it's empty when accessed in grid.component.ts.

I've tried following documentation and tutorials without success. What could be causing this problem?

Thank you

SOLVED

The problem was caused by injecting ConfigService twice - once in the bootstrap of the application and again where it's being used. Removing the providers setting resolved the issue!

Answer №1

When setting up your components, you define the service within each component individually. This means that the service is not shared between them - one instance is created for the AppComponent and another for the Grid component.

@Component({
  selector: 'my-app',
  templateUrl: 'app/templates/app.html',
  directives: [Grid],
  providers: [ConfigService]
})
export class AppComponent {
  (...)
}

An easy fix would be to remove the providers attribute from your Grid component, allowing the service instance to be shared by the AppComponent and its children.

Alternatively, you can register the provider in the bootstrap function so that the instance is shared across the entire application.

bootstrap(AppComponent, [ ConfigService ]);

Understanding why this setup is necessary involves knowledge of Angular2's "hierarchical injectors" feature. Check out the following links for more information:

Answer №2

When working with the most recent version of angular, sharing a service requires a different approach than before. Rather than adding it to the bootstrap function, simply include it in the NgModule providers list like any other service. By doing so, the default behavior will ensure that it operates as a singleton.

bootstrap(AppComponent);

@NgModule({
    declarations: [
        ....
    ],
    imports: [
       ....     
    ],
    providers: [
        ConfigService,
....

Answer №3

Avoid including ConfigService in the providers array of your individual component as this will create a new instance for each component. Instead, add it to the providers array of a shared parent component. If you attach it to your root component or use bootstrap(App, [ConfigService]), your whole application will utilize a single instance.

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