specifying a specific type in a declaration

In this scenario, my goal is to distinguish between different types when declaring a new type:

type Schedule = {
  flag_active : boolean,
}
type Channel = {
  flag_archived : boolean
}

type CreateChangeLog = {
  from : null,
  to : Schedule | Channel
}
type DeleteChangeLog = {
  from : Schedule | Channel,
  to : null
}

type AllChanges = CreateChangeLog | DeleteChangeLog

If I cannot modify the definition of type AllChanges, how can I access the specific Schedule type?

Answer №1

When dealing with a union type like ScheduleOrChannel as shown below:

type AllChanges = CreateChangeLog | DeleteChangeLog

type ScheduleOrChannel = NonNullable<AllChanges["from"]>;
// type ScheduleOrChannel = Schedule | Channel

If you need to filter it to only include members that are of a specific supertype, you can utilize the Extract<T, U> utility type like this:

type JustSchedule = Extract<ScheduleOrChannel, { flag_active: any }>
// type JustSchedule = Schedule

type JustChannel = Extract<ScheduleOrChannel, { flag_archived: any }>
// type JustChannel = Channel

The Extract<T, U> is essentially a distributive conditional type implemented in the following way:

type Extract<T, U> = T extends U ? T : never

This allows you to create your custom union-filtering function based on other criteria, such as utilizing a HasKey utility type:

type HasKey<T, K extends PropertyKey> =
    T extends unknown ? K extends keyof T ? T : never : never;

type JustSchedule1 = HasKey<ScheduleOrChannel, "flag_active">
// type JustSchedule1 = Schedule

type JustChannel2 = HasKey<ScheduleOrChannel, "flag_archived">
// type JustChannel2 = Channel

Feel free to experiment and customize your filtering approach using TypeScript!

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