The implementation of conditional parameter types in TypeScript

I am struggling with a function where the type of the first argument is determined by the second argument's value of true or false

According to my logic, if userExists is true, data should be a string and if it's false, data should be a number. However, I keep encountering errors.

Could someone please pinpoint where I might be making a mistake?

type DataType<T> = T extends boolean ? string : number

const makeUsername = async <T extends boolean>({
  data,
  userExists,
}: {
  data: DataType<T>,
  userExists: T
}) => {

  if (userExists) {
    // expecting data to be a string
  } else {
    // expecting data to be a number
  }
}

Answer №1

It appears that you are attempting to create something similar to this:

type StringOrNumber<T extends boolean> = T extends true ? string : number

However, this will not be utilized in flow analysis. Therefore, the type will not be correctly inferred within an if block.

function makeUsername<T extends boolean>({ data, userExists }: { data: StringOrNumber<T>; userExists: T }): any {
  if (userExists) {
    // The data remains as StringOrNumber<T> here. Manual casting is required.
    const dataStr = data as string;
  } else {
    const dataNum = data as number;
  }
}

// Although it works correctly during the function call
makeUsername({data: '12', userExists: true}) // ok
makeUsername({data: 12, userExists: true}) // error

It may be more appropriate to use function overloads in this scenario:

function makeUsername({ data, userExists }: { data: string; userExists: true }): any;
function makeUsername({ data, userExists }: { data: number; userExists: false }): any;
function makeUsername({ data, userExists }: { data: string | number; userExists: boolean }): any {     
  if (userExists) {
    // Type casting is still necessary here...
    const dataStr = data as string;
  } else {
    const dataNum = data as number;
  }
}

// On the bright side, the function calls work as expected with the overloads.
makeUsername({ data: 'kyo', userExists: true }) // ok
makeUsername({ data: 'kyo', userExists: false }); // error

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