The Proper Way to Position _app.tsx in a Next.js Setup for Personalized App Configuration

I've been working on a Next.js project and I'm currently trying to implement custom app configuration following the guidelines in the Next.js documentation regarding _app.tsx. However, I'm encountering some confusion and issues regarding the proper placement of the _app.tsx file and how to structure the directories correctly.

As per the documentation, _app.tsx is used for initializing pages and allows for customizing global page behaviors. While it's supposed to be related to or placed within a pages directory, the exact setup process is not clear to me. Here are the approaches I've attempted:

I tried placing a page folder inside an app folder, but this resulted in an error. Putting the page folder outside the app folder also led to errors. Directly placing _app.tsx in the app folder, as well as outside the app folder, both attempts still caused issues. Furthermore, I'm facing a specific error concerning my authentication context when trying to run my project:

The error message:

 ⨯ Error: useAuth must be used within an AuthProvider
    at useAuth (./context/AuthProvider.tsx:20:15)
    at Page (./app/signup/page.tsx:24:96)
  14 |     const context = useContext(AuthContext);
  15 |     if (!context) {
> 16 |         throw new Error('useAuth must be used within an AuthProvider');
     |              ^
  17 |     }
  18 |     return context;
  19 | };

The content inside the _app.tsx file:

import React from 'react';
import { NextUIProvider } from '@nextui-org/react';
import type { AppProps } from 'next/app';
import { AuthProvider } from '@/context/AuthProvider';

function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }: AppProps) {
    return (
        <NextUIProvider>
            <AuthProvider>
                {/* NAV WILL GO HERE */}
                <Component {...pageProps} />
                {/* FOOTER WILL GO HERE */}
            </AuthProvider>
        </NextUIProvider>
    );
}

export default MyApp;

This persistent error regardless of where I place _app.tsx. It's uncertain whether the positioning of _app.tsx is triggering this error or if there's another issue related to how I'm utilizing my AuthProvider and useAuth hook.

Can someone provide clarity on the correct placement and setup for _app.tsx in a Next.js project and offer insights into why I might be experiencing the above error related to useAuth and AuthProvider?

Thank you in advance for your help!

My Attempted Solutions:

  • Moving the _app.tsx file into a pages folder and placing it inside the app folder, resulting in an error.
  • Placing the pages folder (containing _app.tsx) outside the app folder, which also caused errors.
  • Directly placing _app.tsx in the root of the app folder, and attempting it outside the app folder as well. Both tries ended in errors.

Despite these efforts, I continue to encounter an error linked to the use of my useAuth hook.

Answer №1

For proper organization, _app.js should be located in the pages folder as pages/_app.js. It appears that you have both the app and pages routers active simultaneously.

If your intention was to use the app router based on previous selections during project setup, you may encounter conflicts by also having the pages router present. Consider restarting the project and selecting no, or manually deleting the app folder if you prefer to utilize the pages router exclusively.

Note that _app.js is not part of the app router structure. Instead, it is equivalent to app/layout.js.

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