`The utilization of a collective interface/data type within an Angular application`

I created a HeaderComponent that requires an object with the structure of

{title: string, short_desc: string}
as its input property.

@Component({
  selector: 'header',
  templateUrl: './header.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./header.component.scss']
})
export class HeaderComponent implements OnInit {
  @Input() data: { title: string, short_desc: string };

  constructor() { }

  ngOnInit() { }
}

To pass the necessary data to HeaderComponent, I have defined it in my component like this:

@Component({
  templateUrl: './my-custom.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./my-custom.component.scss']
})
export class MyCustomComponent implements OnInit {
    public headerData: {title: string, short_desc: string};

    constructor() {
        this.headerData = {
            title: 'Settings Page',
            short_desc: 'Update your settings',
        }
    }

  ngOnInit() { }
}

Since I need to use HeaderComponent in multiple components, I decided to create a separate file named header-data.ts which contains the following interface:

export interface HeaderData {
    title: string;
    short_desc: string;
}

However, constantly importing the HeaderData interface in every component where HeaderComponent is used can lead to messy code and potential errors during application restructuring.

My query is: Is there a more efficient way to utilize the HeaderData interface without resorting to cumbersome nested imports or inline object type declarations?

Answer №1

Have you ever noticed how when importing multiple Angular classes from @angular/... modules, it can all be done in a single line? This is known as the Barrel feature. For more information, check out the Barrel file description in the Angular documentation.

It's important to understand the distinction between a JavaScript module and an Angular module while going through the text. The former refers to a source file, whereas the latter is a class decorated with @NgModule.

Since the concept of an `interface` is specific to TypeScript rather than JavaScript, it is primarily utilized in the editor and during transpilation. Module loaders do not rely on interface file declarations, so a workaround involves declaring it as a TypeScript definition instead.

If you rename your file to header-data.d.ts and use the keyword `declare` instead of `export`, it should look like the example below:

declare interface HeaderData {
  title: string;
  short_desc: string;
}

This enables TypeScript to recognize the name `HeaderData` at design time. This approach leverages the ` "**/*.d.ts"` line within the `"include"` array in the `tsconfig.spec.json` configuration file.

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