TypeScript Guidelines for Typing the `groupBy` Function

I am working on a function called groupBy, but the type system is giving me some trouble.

export function group<
    T extends object,
    K extends (keyof T & string),
    R = T[K] extends string ? string : never
>(
    data: T[],
    groupBy: keyof T
): { [group: R]: T[] }

One of the errors I encountered is that R in { [group: R]: T[] } needs to be either string or number.

This signature does not work properly for datasets like:

group([{ name: 'Johnny Appleseed', age: 17 }], 'name') // R should be string
group([{ name: 'Johnny Appleseed', age: 17 }], 'age') // R should be never

In these cases, R becomes never while K is "name" | "age"

To fix this, I have to manually specify the type parameters using

group<{name: string, age: number}, 'name'>
to ensure that R is string.

Answer №1

To create an index signature, you must specify either string or number. No other types are allowed - union types, generic types, nothing else will work besides string or number.

If you still need the desired functionality, you can achieve it by using two separate function signatures. One signature will only accept string keys, while the other will only accept number keys:

export declare function group<T extends Record<K, string>, K extends string>(data: T[], groupBy: K): { [group: number]: T[] }
export declare function group<T extends Record<K, number>, K extends string>(data: T[], groupBy: K): { [group: string]: T[] }


let groupByString = group([{ name: 'Johnny Appleseed', age: 17 }], 'name') 
let groupByNumber = group([{ name: 'Johnny Appleseed', age: 17 }], 'age')

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