Unexpected error caused by TypeScript

Why does TypeScript throw an error for this code snippet?

const tryAddress = async (add?: string, postcode?: string) => {
  if (postcode?.length < 5) {
   // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Object is possibly 'undefined'.

However, it doesn't throw an error for this:

const tryAddress = async (add?: string, postcode?: string) => {
  if (postcode && postcode.length < 5) {

I was under the impression that the ?. shorthand should prevent conditions like the one above. Am I overlooking something?

Edit:

Aha! It's because it simplifies to

(undefined < 5)

Is there a more efficient way to write these conditionals since I need them frequently?

Answer №1

This mistake is actually quite reasonable.

When you check postcode?.length, the result can be either undefined or a number.

The presence of undefined in that combination is not compatible with <.

However, using

postcode && postcode.length < 5
solves this issue because at that point, the chance of postcode.length being undefined has been ruled out, making its type simply number for easy comparison.

Answer №2

The error message can sometimes be misleading. It typically occurs when using undefined in a comparison. Here's an example:

if (undefined < 5) {

A more accurate error message might say:

This value is possibly undefined, and therefore cannot be sensibly compared

When you think about it, what should

undefined < 5

actually result in? Would everyone looking at the code agree on the same answer? Probably not - which is why TypeScript disallows it.

Avoid using optional chaining for comparisons, as situations involving undefined don't really make sense in that scenario. The original code snippet:

if (postcode && postcode.length < 5) {

is the most clear and preferable way to handle this situation.

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