Unlock specific elements within the "sub-category" of a combined collection

If my union type is structured like this:

type StateUpdate = { key: 'surname', value: string }
| { key : 'age', value: number };

This setup is convenient because it allows me to determine the type of the value based on the key.

However, I am looking for a way to create functions that can only be called with valid keys from the union type. In this case, it would have to be either 'surname' or 'age'.

I could define another type as follows:

type ValidKey = 'surname' | 'age';

Then I could define a function like:

(keyName: ValidKey) => (console.log(keyName)); // ...or any logic here

This approach requires manual coordination between the two types. Is there an automatic way to handle this, or perhaps a more efficient alternative?

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