What could be causing the change event in a reactive form control to not trigger during a Jasmine Angular unit test?

I've recently implemented a change function that I'm passing to the change event for a dynamic form control. This function evaluates the control's state of modification (dirty) and checks for any errors. Based on this evaluation, a boolean flag is set to true or false. The value of this flag determines whether an error message is displayed within a <div> element. Everything seems to be working smoothly when tested in the browser. However, there seems to be an issue with setting the "dirty" state during unit testing. Below is a snippet of my code:

HTML

<form [formGroup]="myForm" novalidate>
    <input id="age" formControlName="age" (change)="onChange()" />
    <div id="ageError" *ngIf="ageIsError()">
        <label>Age has errored</label>
    </div>
</form>

Component

constructor(private fb: FormBuilder) {}

ngOnInit() {
    this.myForm = this.fb.group({
        age: [null, [Validators.min(18)]]
    });
}

onChange() {
    if (this.ageIsError())
        // do something
}

ageIsError() {
    return this.myForm.controls.age.hasError('min') && 
           this.myForm.controls.age.dirty;
}

Unit Test

it('should display error message when age is less than 18', fakeAsync(() => {
    let age = component.myForm.controls.age;
    age.setValue('10', { emitEvent: true });
    fixture.detectChanges();

    fixture.whenStable().then(() => {
        let ageError = debugElement.query(By.css('#ageError')).nativeElement;
        expect(component.ageIsError()).toBe(true);
        expect(ageError.innerText).toContain('Age has errored');
    });
}));

While the implementation works fine in the browser, the unit test is failing due to issues with emitting the event in Jasmine to set the control to a dirty state. If anyone has suggestions on how to resolve this issue or achieve the desired outcome more efficiently, please share your insights. Thank you!

Answer №1

Your demonstration with age.setValue(...) highlights that the correct value is assigned to the input, but the ageError is not appended to the DOM because there was no actual or emulated event to indicate the control as dirty. Consequently, the ageIsError method consistently returns false in this scenario.

To address this issue, I took the approach of simulating an input event using document.createEvent('Event'), which seems to resolve the problem:

 // Code Example

In addition, I discovered a solution for your query - simply invoke age.markAsDirty() before calling detectChanges:

  // Updated Code Example

I have also provided a StackBlitz example for further reference. I hope these resolutions prove beneficial for you :)

Answer №2

Automated updates are applied to form control bindings.

This code snippet is enclosed within a testing block, where it retrieves an input field and triggers an update on its value.

The state of the controller is then displayed to confirm that the bindings have been applied automatically.

  const usernameInput: HTMLInputElement = fixture.nativeElement.querySelector(
            '#username'
        );
        usernameInput.value = 'testValueNotEmail';
        usernameInput.dispatchEvent(new Event('input'));

        // The FormGroup and Control Bindings as well as validations were updated automatically after the event.
        console.log(component.loginForm.getRawValue());
        console.log(component.loginForm.get('username')?.errors);
        console.log(component.loginForm.get('username')?.touched);
        console.log(component.loginForm.get('username')?.dirty);

        // For changes in the rendered element to take effect in the fixture,
        // I had to detect those changes, which resulted in rendering the error fields of the form.
        fixture.detectChanges();
        const errorField = fixture.nativeElement.querySelector(
            '#usernameSmall'
        );
        console.log(errorField);

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